Office of Middle and High School Instruction

1. Vocabulary Videos Office of Middle and High School Instruction Virginia Department of Education Virginia Department of Education 2008

2. Introduction This PowerPoint provides a facilitator's guide for the Middle School Vocabulary Videos. Each slide introduces a videotaped strategy and provides a hyperlink to the video through the title. The explanation is followed by a slide offering an “after viewing” activity. (The videos can be viewed with or without this guide.) Virginia Department of Education 2008

3. Table of Contents Topics Choosing Vocabulary Creating Visual Images Working with Words Analogies Activating Prior Knowledge Bloom’s Taxonomy Virginia Department of Education 2008

4. Choosing Vocabulary Although students will learn new vocabulary through context, they also need explicit instruction on vocabulary. By offering a variety of lessons on vocabulary instruction, teachers will be able to differentiate instruction and better meet the needs of their students. Beck and McKeown (2002) suggest three tiers of words that comprise a mature literate individual’s vocabulary. Beck, I.L., McKeown, M.G., Kucan, L. (2002). Bringing words to life: Robust vocabulary instruction. New York: Guilford Press. Virginia Department of Education 2008

5. Three-tiered Approach First Tier Words Basic words that rarely require additional teaching in school. Second Tier Words Academic words that most mature readers will see in academic settings. Third Tier Words Words generally found in content areas or words needed to understand a concept. Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

6. Thesaurus Activity View video on using the thesaurus with Literature or novel Virginia Department of Education 2008

7. Creating Visual Images Learn about creating visual images. View video Word Bugs and Word Flowers. View video on Word Sketches. Virginia Department of Education 2008

8. Creating Visual Images Creating visual images with vocabulary promotes greater retention. • Graphic organizers or visual images enhances vocabulary instruction and incorporates vocabulary into students’ long-term memory, allowing easier recall, and more ownership of the material. Word Bugs and Word Flowers exemplifies how simple pictures or objects can be used to create a graphic organizer. Word Sketches presents a unique way to create a visual image. After viewing videos Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

9. After Viewing Videos on Visual Images • Introduce Word Sketches with known words. • Create a list of words that could be used with Word Sketches. Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

10. Working With Words Learn about working with words. View video on Open Word Sorts. View video on Closed Word Sorts. View video on using Scrabble®. Virginia Department of Education 2008

11. Working with Words Manipulating letters and “playing” with words is an effective tool to enhance vocabulary and increase word knowledge. The brain looks for patterns, which allows students to have better retention. Open Word Sorts and Closed Word Sorts provide examples of creating patterns with words or concepts. The Scrabble® lesson demonstrates the manipulation of letters to create words and the use of a Web site to assist in planning a vocabulary unit. After viewing videos Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

12. After Viewing Videos on Working with Words • What are the advantages/disadvantages of using a closed sort or an open sort? • How would you determine which sort to use? Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

13. Analogies Learn about analogies. View video on Analogy Hangman. Virginia Department of Education 2008

14. Analogies Analogies make connections between vocabulary words and prior knowledge. Analogy Hangman demonstrates the review of previously learned vocabulary and introduction of new words. This lesson reinforces the concept of analogies, found in the Virginia Standards of Learning 6.3b, 7.4b, and 8.4a. After viewing videos Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

15. After Viewing Video on Analogies • The examples in Analogy Hangman use only synonyms and antonyms. Other analogy patterns as found in the Curriculum Framework include: synonyms, antonyms, object/action, source/product, part/whole, animal/habitat. • How could this lesson be adapted to teach or reinforce other types of analogies? • How could this be used to reinforce vocabulary in the content areas? Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

16. Activating Prior Knowledge Learn about activating prior knowledge. View Word Splash video. View Discuss Brainstorm Web video. Virginia Department of Education 2008

17. Activating Prior Knowledge By making connections to prior knowledge, retention of vocabulary words will increase. Word Splash and Discuss Brainstorm Web show how a reading specialist and classroom teacher introduce new units of study in a content area to connect prior knowledge and vocabulary. After viewing videos Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

18. After Viewing Videos on Prior Knowledge • Which unit of study could this lesson be applied to in your classroom? • Brainstorm a list of vocabulary words your students may generate or will need to know for a unit of study in your class. Table of Contents Virginia Department of Education 2008

19. Bloom’s Taxonomy Learn about Bloom’s Taxonomy. View Reinforcing Vocabulary video. Virginia Department of Education 2008

20. Bloom’s Taxonomy By incorporating visualization and movement into a lesson, students will retain information. In this lesson, Reinforcing Vocabulary, there are six activities that involve movement or visualization to help with learning a vocabulary word. Each activity uses a different level of Bloom’s Taxonomy. After viewing videos Virginia Department of Education 2008

21. After Viewing Videos on Prior Knowledge • Brainstorm a list of words to teach using Bloom’s Taxonomy. • How would this lesson work with students of higher or lower levels of learning? Virginia Department of Education 2008