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Semantic Web Services

Semantic Web Services. Atilla ELÇİ Dept. of Computer Engineering Eastern Mediterranean University. Semantic Web Services- A Survey. SWS intro WSMO Approach: European approach OWL-S Approach: W3C SWSF Approach IRS-III Approach WSDL-S Approach

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Semantic Web Services

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  1. Semantic Web Services Atilla ELÇİ Dept. of Computer Engineering Eastern Mediterranean University CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  2. Semantic Web Services- A Survey • SWS intro • WSMO Approach: European approach • OWL-S Approach: W3C • SWSF Approach • IRS-III Approach • WSDL-S Approach • Grounding: semantic vs syntactic description of services • Davies et al. Ch. 10. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  3. SWS intro • Current WS tech based on SOAP messaging, WSDL, and UDDI technology is syntactic requiring manual process. • FYI: see references for leads on How to WS. • A different framework is required for semantic Web services: • Conceptual model • Lang for formal syntax & semantics • Execution environment • In order to enable fully flexible automated e-business, Semantic Web Services promise to automate tasks such as discovery, mediation, selection, composition, and invocation of services. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  4. WSMO Approach: schematics • Components of Web Services Modelling Ontology (WSMO) Ref. Fig. 10.1 CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  5. WSMO Approach • Design principles: • Web compliance: w/ W3C specs • Ontology-based: data model • Strict decoupling: independently specified resources • Centrality of mediation: mediation provided centrally • Ontological role separation: parts played by users/components • Description vs implementation: seperated concerns • Execution semantics: reference implementation (WSMX) • Service vs Web service: separation of tool & result CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  6. Conceptual model of WSMO • Meta Object Facility (MOF): a meta-meta model language • Used in defining elements of WSMO ontology • An abstract lang & framework for technology neutral meta-models: specify, contruct, manage • Four layers of MOF: • Meta meta-model: the language used for WSMO • Meta model: WSMO itself (class, subClass, Attribute, type, cardinality,...) • Model: actual ontologies, WSs, goals, mediators specs • Info: actual data described by the model (grounding) • Exs: ontologies, Web services, goals, mediators: • Described by non-functional properties • Using mostly DC namespace elements CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  7. WS Descr.: TheLanguage WSML • The Web Service Modelling Language (WSML) is a merger of: • Description logics • Logic programming • F-Logic • Used in service description through: • Ontology description: syntax & semantics • Declarative functional description of goals & services: syntactical framework (with implied Hoare-style semantics). => Transaction Logic? • Description of dynamics: choreagraphy & orchestration. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  8. WSML variants CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  9. WSML Example: Amazon cart • Ex. code in 10.2.2.2 CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  10. The Execution Environment • The Web Services Modelling Execution Environment (WSMX) for Web services: • Discovery • Selection • Mediation, and • Invocation. • A test bed of ideas and a reference implementation of WSMO. • WSMX info model: see Sourceforge • Developed for the Eclipse Framework open source IDE. • Ref. Fig. 10.3 CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  11. WSMX Architecture CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  12. OWL-S Approach • Revolves around the OWL-S: • OWL Web Service Ontology • Part of the DAML Program • A language for describing semantically rich Web services • Based on OWL • Consists of the subontologies of “service” concept: • Profile: • What a service does? • Service presents ServiceProfile. • Process model: • How it works? • Service describedBy ServiceModel. • Grounding: • How to access it? • Service supports ServiceGrounding. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  13. OWL-S: Sub-ontologies of Service • ServiceProfile: Profile sub-ontology. What a service does? • Advertising • Constructing service requests • Matchmaking • ServiceModel: Process model sub-ontology. How it works? • Invocation • Enactment • Composition • Monitoring • Recovery • ServiceGrounding: Grounding sub-ontology. • Accessing the service • Data sources to message formats • Protocols CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  14. OWL-S ServiceProfile • Service is a function of: • The organization that provides the service: • Admin contact info • The function the service computes: • Info xformation: I/O params • State change caused: Pre/post-conditions • Characteristics of the service: • Quality, category, and user-declared service parameters CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  15. OWL-S ServiceProfile: IOPE • The function part simply lists the IOPE: inputs, outputs, preconditions, effects • No schema here to describe them. • Simply links them to the Process Model part. • Properties of the Profile Class: • hasParameter • hasInput • hasOutput • hasPrecondition • hasResult CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  16. OWL-S ServiceModel: Process • Process: Defines how to interact with the service not the function code of the service. • In a way, more detailed verison of the function part of ServiceProfile! • Processes and IOPEs are linked by the following properties: • hasParticipant -> Participant class (client, service) • hasInput -> Input class • hasOutput -> Output class • hasLocal -> Local class • hasPrecondition -> Condition class (required for exec.) • hasResult -> Result class (effects, outputs) CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  17. OWL-S ServiceModel: Process kinds • Atomic processes: • Single step process: I -> O • Involves no sub-process • Composite processes: • Multi-step process • With state memory • Decomposable into atomic, simple, or composite processes. • Simple Processes. • A (utility) view of atomic/composite process. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  18. Control Structures:Decomposing a Composite Process • Sequence • Split: • Like threads to be executed concurrently • Completes when all component processes are scheduled. • Split + Join: • Like Split but completes when all component processes complete execution • Choice: • Selecting a control construct to execute • Any-Order: • Unspecified sequential order of execution • If-Then_Else: • Just as common format • Iterate: • Non-conditional looping • Repeat-While and Repeat-Until: • Conditional looping CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  19. OWL-S: Examples: • BravoAirProcess.owl • VehiclePartPriceService.owl • How to do SWS: doc by Duygu CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  20. SWSF Approach CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  21. IRS-III Approach CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  22. WSDL-S Approach CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  23. Conclusions CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  24. Books on SWS • Modeling Semantic Web Services: The Web Service Modeling Languageby Jos de Bruijn • Price: $59.95 • Release Date: June 1, 2008 CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  25. Conferences: summer schools • 4TH REASONING WEB SUMMER SCHOOL (RW 2008): • 7-11 September, 2008, San Servolo Island, Venice. • Appl Deadline: May 16, 2008. • PROGRAM • Foundations of Knowledge representation and Reasoning • Representing Knowledge with Controlled Natural Language Processing • Semantic Multimedia • Semantic techniques for Social Networks • Semantic techniques for Bioinformatics • Semantic Web Services • REGISTRATION FEE: 750 EUR which covers: • - the volume of LECTURE NOTES published by Springer, • - accommodation at San Servolo Island, • - all meals, • - social event. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  26. Conferences: summer schools • ICCL Summer School 2008: COMPUTATIONAL LOGIC AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE • TechnischeUniversität Dresden • August 24 -- September 6, 2008 • 6th INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL IN FORMAL LANGUAGES AND APPLICATIONS (formerly International PhD School in Formal Languages and Applications) • Tarragona, Spain, July 21 - August 2, 2008 • Organized byResearch Group on Mathematical Linguistics RoviraiVirgili University CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  27. Conferences: summer schools • THE SIXTH EUROPEAN SUMMER SCHOOL ON ONTOLOGICAL ENGINEERING AND THE SEMANTIC WEB (SSSW-2008)   • Cercedilla, near Madrid, Spain. • 6-12 July, 2008. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

  28. References • John Davies, Rudi Studer, Paul Warren (Editors): Semantic Web Technologies: Trends and Research in Ontology-based Systems, John Wiley & Sons (July 11, 2006). ISBN: 0470025964. Ch. 10.: pp. 191-236. • Web Services- How To: see the following: • Deitel & al.: Ch. 21 in C# HTP, Pearson 2002. • W3Schools: Web Services Tutorial • W3C Web Services Activity. • Hugo Haas: Tutorial: Foundations And Future Directions of Web Services • W3C Semantic Web Tools Wiki page: • Check Jena, SemWeb, Protégé, Swoop, etc. CmpE 588 Spring 2008 EMU

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