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Comparing, Tracing and Evaluating Caching Servers

Comparing, Tracing and Evaluating Caching Servers. Presenter: Yi-Hsiang Lin Advisor: Dr. Ying-Dar Lin High-Speed Network Lab. of CIS, NCTU Oct 25, 2001. OUTLINE. Introduction Market review Squid: The open source solution Benchmarking squid Conclusions Reference. 1. Introduction.

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Comparing, Tracing and Evaluating Caching Servers

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  1. Comparing, Tracing and Evaluating Caching Servers Presenter: Yi-Hsiang Lin Advisor: Dr. Ying-Dar Lin High-Speed Network Lab. of CIS, NCTUOct 25, 2001

  2. OUTLINE • Introduction • Market review • Squid: The open source solution • Benchmarking squid • Conclusions Reference High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  3. 1. Introduction • Why caching? Where to cache? • Major issues in caching (research papers) • Products/packages survey • squid (brief review) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  4. Why caching? Where to cache? Why caching? • Reduced network bandwidth or offload web server • Faster Response to End User Increased Network Scalability Where to cache? • Client side  forward caching • Server side  reverse caching • Network  transparent caching High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  5. Forward caching High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  6. Reverse caching High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  7. Transparent caching High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  8. Major issues in caching • About traffic and performanceOrigin Server Performance and CharacterizationProxy Cache Traffic CharacterizationUser Perception of Web PerformanceWeb Client Traffic Characterization • About cache contentWeb Cache Consistency Web Cache Replacement HTTP Inter-cache Communication Prefetching • Other issues and politics High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  9. Products/packages survey(1/2) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  10. Products/packages survey(2/2) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  11. Squid is • a full-featured Web proxy cache • designed to run on Unix systems • free, open-source software • the result of many contributions by unpaid (and paid) volunteers • licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  12. Squid supports • Cache content: 1. proxying and caching of HTTP, FTP, and other URL's 2. proxying for SSL 3. caching of DNS lookups • Cache mechanism: 1. cache hierarchies, Cache Digests 2. ICP, HTCP, CARP, WCCP 3. transparent caching 4. HTTP server acceleration • Extra services: extensive access controls, SNMP High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  13. 2. Market review • Products/packages comparison • Benchmark survey1. Benchmark items2. Benchmark results3. Observations/conclusions High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  14. Products/packages comparison High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  15. Benchmark items • Total price • Peak Throughput • Cache Age(hour) • Response times(Hit/All/Miss) • Saving(Doc/Time) • $1000 can buy(hit/sec, req/sec) • Minutes Till First(Miss/Hit) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  16. Benchmark results(1/2) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  17. Benchmark results(2/2) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  18. Observations/conclusions • IBM-230Best: hit response time  use gigabit NICworst: average response time, Saving(DOC), cache age  Peak throughput, less disk space • Lucent-50Best: average response time, Saving(Time), minutes till First  low throughput, big cacheworst: Throughput, $1000 can buy high price • Bigger Memory and High-speed network card are important for caching server High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  19. 3. squid: The open source solution • Overview • Configration example • Protocols (ICP, HTTP, etc.) • Program architecture • Data structures • Flowcharts High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  20. Overview • Squid is derived from the ARPA-funded Harvest project • Squid is a high-performance proxy caching server for web clients • Squid handles all requests in a single, non-blocking, I/O-driven process High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  21. Example(1) TANet proxy High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  22. Example(2) Transparent High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  23. Protocols • Supporting FTP, gopher, and HTTP data objects. • caches DNS lookups, supports non-blocking DNS lookups, and implements negative caching of failed requests. • Squid supports SSL, extensive access controls, and full request logging. • using the lightweight Internet Cache Protocol High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  24. Data structures High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  25. Flowcharts High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  26. Flowcharts High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  27. 4. Benchmarking squid • Previous test results on squid • Benchmark methodologies test items, tools, etc. • Benchmark results High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  28. Previous test results(1/2)About cache size High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  29. Previous test results(2/2)About library, algorithm High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  30. Benchmark methodologies • Use polymix-1 of polygraph 2.5.5 • Change request rate(30/60/90/180) • Install FreeBSD/Linux/Solaris on three disk • Two cache diskcache size 500x2MB High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  31. Benchmark flowchart High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  32. Benchmark results(1/5)Hit response times(msec) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  33. Benchmark results(2/5)Miss response times(msec) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  34. Benchmark results(3/5)Avg. response times(msec) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  35. Benchmark results(4/5)Hit ratio(%) High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  36. Benchmark results(5/5)Comparison of three OS High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  37. 5. Conclusions • Good for caching1. Big memory cache space and high-speed network2. Use the best disk access methods for the OS • Best choice of squidFreeBSD+DISKD(570 req/sec, avg. response time 6.4 sec) • Squid is good enough for TANet traffic using. High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  38. Reference(1/4) [1] Squid Internet Object Cache: <http://www.squid-cache.org> [2] The FreeBSD Project: <http://www.freebsd.org> [3] Linux:<http://www.linux.org>, Linux.com – A Means to World Liberation<http://www.linux.com> [4] Solaris product line: <http://www.sun.com/software/solaris/> [5] Web Caching-related Papers and Articles: <http://www.web-cache.com/Writings/papers.html> [6] Web Caching Products and Software: <http://www.web-cache.com/products.html> [7] D. Wessels and K. Claffy National Laboratory for Applied Network Research/UCSD, Internet Cache Protocol version 2, RFC 2186, September 1997 [8] P. Vixie(ISC), D. Wessels(NLANR), Hyper Text Caching Protocol, RFC 2756, January 2000 High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  39. Reference(2/4) [9] CARP, Cache Array Routing Protocol. Internet Draft draft-vinod-carp-v1-03.txt(expired) [10] WCCP, Web Cache Coordination Protocol. draft-wilson-wrec-wccp-v2-00.txt(expired) [11] Ara Network Technologies: <http://www.aranetwork.com/eng/products/web.htm> [12] CacheFlow cIQ Content Delivery: <http://www.cacheflow.com/products/index.cfm/> [13] Cisco Cache Engine Series: <http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/cxsr/500/> [14] Compaq TaskSmart C-series: <http://www.compaq.com/tasksmart/c4000/index.html> [15] TMF(The Measurement Factory INC.): <http://www.measurement-factory.com> High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  40. Reference(3/4) [16] A. Rousskov and D. Wessels, The Third Cache-off. Raw data and independent analysis at <http://www.measurement-factory.com/results/>. [17] ARPA(Advanced Research Projects Agency): Now called Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the U.S. government agency that funded the ARPANET [18] Harvest Project: <http://harvest.cs.colorado.edu/> [19] 參閱下列網站：臺灣大學網路快取服務<http://procy.ntu.edu.tw>、中央大學網路代理伺服器<http://proxy.ncu.edu.tw>、交大網路快取服務<http://proxy.nctu.edu.tw>、新竹師院快取伺服器<http://proxy.nhctc.edu.tw>、中華大學網路快取服務<http://proxy.chu.edu.tw>、中正大學網路快取服務<http://proxy.ccu.edu.tw>、成功大學網路快取服務< http://proxy.ncku.edu.tw/>、中山大學代理伺服器< http://proxy.nsysu.edu.tw>、、、等 High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

  41. Reference(4/4) [20] The CodeRed Worm: CERT<http://www.cert.org> Incident Note IN-2001-09,13,19,23 [21] Squid Programmers Guide, Chapter 2 Overview of Squid Components, <http://www.squid-cache.org/Doc/Prog-Guide/prog-guide-2.html> [22] ] Squid Programmers Guide, Chapter 4 Flow of a Typical Request, <http://www.squid-cache.org/Doc/Prog-Guide/prog-guide-4.html> [23] Web PolyGraph: <http://www.web-polygraph.org/> [24] 臺灣大學網路快取服務系統配備及使用統計: <http://proxy.ntu.edu.tw/ntu-proxy/stats.html> [25] 交大網路快取服務伺服器流量統計: <http://proxy.nctu.edu.tw/proxy/log.html> [26] 國立中山大學代理伺服器首頁: <http://proxy.nsysu.edu.tw> High-Speed Networks Lab, CIS, NCTU

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