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The Artistic Expression of Liberalism

ROMANTICISM:. The Artistic Expression of Liberalism. By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY. The Romantic Movement. Began in the 1790s and peaked in the 1820s. Mostly in Northern Europe, especially in Britain and Germany. A reaction against classicism. The “Romantic Hero:”

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The Artistic Expression of Liberalism

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  1. ROMANTICISM: The Artistic Expression of Liberalism By: Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. The Romantic Movement • Began in the 1790s and peaked in the 1820s. • Mostly in Northern Europe, especially in Britain and Germany. • A reaction against classicism. • The “Romantic Hero:” • Greatest example was Lord Byron • Tremendously popular among the European reading public. • Youth imitated his haughtiness and rebelliousness.

  3. A Growing Distrust of Reason Early19c Enlightenment Romanticism Society is good, curbing violent impulses! Civilization corrupts! • The essence of human experience is subjective and emotional. • Human knowledge is a puny thing compared to other great historical forces. • “Individual rights” are dangerous efforts at selfishness  the community is more important.

  4. emotions – passion – irrationality the dreamer – the individual the power and fury of nature the dehumanization of man through technology country life = best kind of life romanticization of Middle Ages the exotic, occult and macabre (dreams, death) nationalism interest in foreign lands and cultures renewed interest in Christian mysteries and mysticism Characteristics of Romanticism

  5. Emotions! Passion! Irrationality!

  6. Characteristics of Romanticism The Individual/ The Dreamer: • Individuals have unique, endless potential. • Self-realization comes through art • Artists are the true philosophers. • The artist apart from society. • The artist as social critic/revolutionary. • The artist as genius.

  7. Wandering Above the Sea of FogCaspar David Friedrich,1818

  8. The Power & Fury of Nature

  9. Characteristics of Romanticism Glorification of Nature: • Peaceful, restorative qualities [an escape from industrialization and the dehumanization it creates]. • Awesome, powerful, horrifying aspects of nature. • Indifferent to the fate of humans. • Overwhelming power of nature.

  10. An Avalanche in the AlpsPhilip James de Loutherbourg, 1803

  11. The Raft of the MedusaThéodore Géricault, 1819

  12. The "New" Technology Is Dehumanizing

  13. Rain, Steam, and SpeedJoseph Mallord William Turner, 1844

  14. Rain, Steam, & Speed(details)

  15. The Slave ShipJoseph Mallord William Turner, 1842

  16. The Slave Ship(details)

  17. Romanticizing Country Life

  18. Flatford Mill – John Constable, 1817

  19. The Corn FieldJohn Constable,1826

  20. The Gothic: "Romanticizing" the Middle Ages

  21. Characteristics of Romanticism Revival of Past Styles: • Gothic & Romanesque revival. • “Neo-Gothic” architectural style. • Medieval ruins were a favorite theme for art and poetry.

  22. Hadleigh Castle - John Constable, 1829

  23. Eldena RuinGaspar David Friedrich, 1825

  24. Winter Landscape with ChurchGaspar David Friedrich, 1811

  25. British Houses of Parliament1840-1865

  26. The Exotic, the Occult, and the Macabre!

  27. Characteristics of Romanticism The Supernatural: • Ghosts, fairies, witches, demons. • The shadows of the mind—dreams & madness. • The romantics rejected materialism in pursuit of spiritual self-awareness. • They yearned for the unknown and the unknowable.

  28. Cloister Cemetery in the SnowCaspar David Friedrich, 1817-1819

  29. Abbey in an Oak ForestCaspar David Friedrich, 1809-1810

  30. Mad Woman With a Mania of Envy TheodoreGericault, 1822-1823

  31. Nightmare (The Incubus)Henry Fuseli, 1781

  32. Nationalism

  33. Liberty Leading the People Eugène Delacroix, 1830

  34. Detail of theMusket BearerDelacoix, himself

  35. Napoleonat theSt. BernardPass Jacques Louis-David,1803

  36. His Majesty’s Ship, “Victory”(Trafalgar) - John Constable, 1806

  37. The Shooting of May 3, 1808Francisco Goya, 1815

  38. Interest in Exotic Foreign Lands

  39. Characteristics of Romanticism Exoticism: • The exciting “other.” • A sense of escape from reality. • A psychological/moral justification of imperialism?

  40. Women of Algiers in Their ApartmentEugène Delacroix, 1834

  41. The Royal Pavillion at BrightonJohn Nash, 1815-1823

  42. Return to Christian Mysteries

  43. God as the Architect - William Blake, 1794

  44. The Seventh Plague of EgyptJohn Martin, 1823

  45. The CathedralGaspar DavidFriedrich,1818

  46. The Cathedral(details)Gaspar DavidFriedrich,1818

  47. Romanticism: The Great Paradox

  48. The Political Implications • Romanticism could reinforce the greatest themes of political liberalism or political conservatism. • Contributed to growing nationalist movements. • The concepts of the Volk and the Volkgeist. • The uniqueness of cultures was emphasized.

  49. Bibliographic Sources • CGFA: A Virtual Art Museum.http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/fineart.htm • “Romanticism” on Artchive.http://artchive.com/artchive/romanticism.html

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