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Let’s Get Visual!. What We See p. 125. Hue Visual experience specified by color names and related to the wavelength of light. Intensity Influences brightness and related to the amplitude of the light wave. An Eye on the World. Cornea Protects eye and bends light toward lens. Lens
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What We See p. 125 • Hue • Visual experience specified by color names and related to the wavelength of light. • Intensity • Influences brightness and related to the amplitude of the light wave
An Eye on the World • Cornea • Protects eye and bends light toward lens. • Lens • Focuses on objects by changing shape. • Iris • Controls amount of light that gets into eye. • Pupil • Widens or dilates to let in more light.
Do we see with our eyes or our brains? The Optical Spiral
Hubel & Wiesel’s Experiment • Much visual processing is done in the brain. • Feature Detectors • Some cortical cells respond to lines in specific orientations • Other cells in the cortex respond to other shapes
How We See Colors • Young Helmholtz Trichromatic theory • Opponent process theory
Trichromatic Theory • Young (1802) & von Helmholtz (1852) both proposed that the eye detects 3 primary colors: • red, blue, & green • All other colors can be derived by combining these three.
Opponent-Process Theory • A competing theory of color vision, which assumes that the visual system treats pairs of colors as opposing or antagonistic. • Opponent-Process cells are inhibited by a color, and have a burst of activity when it is removed.
What’s Happening? • In the retina of your eyes, there are 3 types of color receptors (cones) that are most sensitive to either red, blue or green. • When you stare at a particular color for too long, these receptors get "tired" or "fatigued." • When you then look at the white background, the receptors that are tired do not work as well. • Therefore, the information from all of the different color receptors is not in balance and you see the color "afterimages." • You can see that you vision quickly returns to normal.