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The Women’s Movement

The Women’s Movement. Proposed Equal Rights Amendment. 3 years after women won the right to vote, the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was introduced in Congress by Sen. Curtis and Rep. Anthony. It was authored by Alice Paul, head of the National Women's Party, who led the suffrage campaign.

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The Women’s Movement

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  1. The Women’s Movement

  2. Proposed Equal Rights Amendment • 3 years after women won the right to vote, the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was introduced in Congress by Sen. Curtis and Rep. Anthony. • It was authored by Alice Paul, head of the National Women's Party, who led the suffrage campaign. • Echoing the efforts of Alice Paul, the Amendment was introduced into each session of Congress since 1923 to 1970. Alice Paul

  3. Text of Proposed ERA Section 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State on account of sex. Section 2. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. Section 3.  This amendment shall take effect two years after the date of ratification.

  4. Defeat of the ERA • The statute passed by Congress in March 1972. • The amendment provided that ratifications must occur within 7 years.  • 35 states out of the 38 needed ratified by 1978.  • Congress extended the deadline to June 1982. • The amendment failed to achieve the necessary 38 ratifications.

  5. Shirley Chisholm’s Presidential Candidacy (1973) • After successfully being elected to Congress, Shirley Chisholm’s next political move was a run at the presidency. • From the beginning Chisholm knew her chances were slim, but to the surprise of other candidates and the American public, her campaign was more successful and inspirational than ever thought possible.

  6. Geraldine Ferraro: Vice-Presidential Candidate (1984) • A teacher and then attorney, Ferraro became a Congressional Representative of New York in 1978. • She was a women's and human rights advocate, working for passage of the ERA, sponsoring the Women's Economic Equity Act, and seeking job training for displaced homemakers. • In 1984, Ferraro ran for Vice President with former Vice President Walter Mondale. • The ticket lost, but Ferraro's candidacy reshaped the American political and social landscape.

  7. Madeline Albright Madeleine Korbelová Albright was the first woman to become the United States Secretary of State. Nominated by President Clinton, she served from 1997 to 2001.

  8. Betty Friedan (1921 –2006) an American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the "second wave" of American feminism in the 20th century. In 1966, Friedan founded and was elected the first president of the National Organization for Women.

  9. Golda Meir Israel's first and the world's third woman to hold such an office, she was described as the "Iron Lady" of Israeli politics years before the epithet became associated with British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.

  10. Indira Gandhi The thirdPrime Minister of India and a central figure of the Indian National Congress party. Gandhi, who served from 1966 to 1977 and then again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984, is the second-longest-serving Prime Minister of India and the only woman to hold the office.

  11. Margaret Thatcher British politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990. She was the longest-serving British Prime Minister of the 20th century and is the only woman to have held the office. A Soviet journalist called her the "Iron Lady", a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style.

  12. Women in Politics

  13. Women in Politics

  14. Citations Slide 2: http://clerk.house.gov/images/weekinhistory/day7lg.jpg Slide 3: http://www.alicepaul.org/images/Alice%20chair.jpg Slide 4: http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1977/1101771226_400.jpg Slide 5: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/awhhtml/aw03e/images/awh03e01.jpg Slide 6: http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/era.htm Slide 7: http://www.utexas.edu/lbj/news/spring2005/graphics/chisholm.jpg Slide 8: http://history.sandiego.edu/gen/USPics45/1984ferraro.jpg Slide 9: http://www.footnote.tv/ftvcic02.html Slide 10: http://www.footnote.tv/ftvcic02.html Slide 11: http://www.withington.manchester.sch.uk/downloads/Content/prospectus%20images/89ssEngClassroom.jpg

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