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BF Skinner Brooke Hale & Ali Sellears

BF Skinner Brooke Hale & Ali Sellears. Childhood. Born March 20 th 1904 in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania He lived with his younger brother, stay at home Mother, and lawyer Father. He described his home life as “warm & stable.”. College.

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BF Skinner Brooke Hale & Ali Sellears

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  1. BF Skinner Brooke Hale&Ali Sellears

  2. Childhood • Born March 20th 1904 in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania • He lived with his younger brother, stay at home Mother, and lawyer Father. • He described his home life as “warm & stable.”

  3. College • Attended Hamilton College; later enrolled at Harvard in the Psychology department. • There he teamed up with William Crozier to do a behavior study on the “animal as a whole.” • All of his studies in college led to his first book, “ The Behavior of Organisms” published in 1938.

  4. Operant Conditioning • To understand a behavior you must look at the cause of the behavior and it’s consequences. • This is done by Reinforcement. • Reinforcing a behavior gives a repeated behavior; Not reinforcing a behavior eliminates a behavior.

  5. Terms • Neutral operants: responses from the environment that do not increase or decrease the likelihood of a repeated behavior. • Reinforcers: Negative or positive responses from the environment that increase the likelihood of a repeated behavior. • Punishers: Responses from the environment that decrease the probability of a repeated behavior also weakening a behavior.

  6. Reinforcement • Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior by rewarding. • Ex: Teacher gives you $10 every time you complete your homework. Behavior is repeated. • Negative reinforcement strengthens a behavior by removing an unpleasant behavior. • Ex: You give the teacher $10 every time you do not do your homework. Unpleasant behavior eliminated and positive behavior occurs.

  7. Punishment • Punishment is designed to decrease an undesired behavior rather encourage a desired behavior. • Punishment may temporarily decrease an undesired behavior but may never completely eliminate the behavior. • Focusing on rewarding desired behaviors will result in a better outcome. • Focus on the positives in what students do right rather than drawing attention to what they do wrong.

  8. Positive Punishment • present an unfavorable outcome to weaken a behavior. • Ex: Your cell phone rings in the middle of a class lecture, and you are scolded by your teacher for not turning your phone off prior to class.

  9. Negative Punishment • removing a favorable outcome after behavior occurs. • Ex: A third-grade boy yells at another student during class, so his teacher takes away "good behavior" tokens that can be redeemed for prizes • Negative Punishment should be given immediately following a behavior and should be constant.

  10. Application • When a child is struggling to complete an assignment, focus on what they have done rather than what they have not yet done. • Specific Example • If a child is having trouble with multiplication have the child focus on the fact that multiplication is repeated addition, and that they already are very good at adding, so they will be great with multiplication with practice!

  11. YouTube Examples • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4muo6jXzLX8 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-63ysqT5nu0&feature=related

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