Safeguarding – An Introduction

1. Safeguarding – An Introduction V3 /2019-02-27

2. Course Aim The aim of this session is: • To provide basic awareness of adult and children safeguarding. • To understand that safeguarding is everyone’s responsibility.

3. Course Objectives By the end of the session you should: • Understand what safeguarding is and your role in safeguarding adults at risk and children. • Be able to recognise signs of abuse and neglect. • Know how to act upon a concern or disclosure. • Be aware of relevant legislation and local policy and procedures for supporting and protecting adults and children.

4. What is safeguarding? Working together to prevent and stop both the risks and experiences of abuse or neglect, while at the same time making sure that the child’s welfare and adult’s wellbeing is promoted Protecting a child or adult’s right to live in society, free from abuse and neglect.

5. What is adult safeguarding? • The term ‘vulnerable adults’ has changed with the Care Act 2014 to ‘adults at risk of harm’, usually shortened to ‘adults at risk’. • ‘Adults at risk’ are always ‘adults with a care and support need’, with the exception of individuals who are victims of domestic abuse or modern day slavery. • The Care Act 2014, makes it clear that abuse of adults links to circumstances rather than the characteristics of the people experiencing the harm. • Labelling groups of people as inherently ‘vulnerable’ is seen to be disempowering.

6. Who is an adult at risk? • The Safeguarding duties set out in the Care Act 2014 apply to an adult who: • Has needs for care and support (whether or not the local authority is meeting any of those needs); and • is experiencing, or is at risk of abuse or neglect; and • as a result of their care and support needs is unable to protect themselves from either the risk of, or the experience of abuse or neglect.

7. Who’s at increased risk? • People dependant on others for assistance, especially with finances and personal care. • People who lack the capacity to consent. • People who need support with communication. • People who need support with mobility. • People who are isolated. • People receiving care in their own homes. • People that may experience discrimination (e.g. hate crime).

8. Key Principles of Safeguarding The Care Act 2014 emphasises six key principles: Empowerment Prevention Protection Accountability Proportionality Partnership

9. Mental Capacity Act (2005) • Every adult has the right to make his or her own decisions and must be assumed to have capacity to do so unless it is proved otherwise. • Individuals should be supported to make their own decisions where possible. • Anything done for, or on behalf of, people without capacity must be in their best interests. • Anything done for or on behalf of people without capacity should be the least restrictive of their basic rights and freedoms. • You must not assume incapacity simply because someone makes an unwise decision.

10. Making Safeguarding Personal Making safeguarding personal is at the heart of adult safeguarding and means that we should: • Reflect the adult’s wishes wherever possible. • Make decisions which should be proportionate to the level of concern and in the adult’s best interests, if they are not able to make the decision. • Involve the person at all stages and make sure they are empowered to make the decision about what happens next. • Work with the adult to establish what being safe means to them and how that can be best achieved. • Professionals and other staff/volunteers should not be advocating ‘safety’ measures that do not take account of individual wellbeing.

11. Types of Abuse - Adults The Care Act 2014 sets guidance as to the sort of behaviours that could give rise to a safeguarding concern, and identifies the following categories, within which exploitation is a common theme: Domestic Violence Physical Neglect/Acts of Omission Sexual Financial/Material Psychological Discriminatory Self-Neglect & Hoarding Organisational Modern Slavery

12. Distinct Examples Sexual Exploitation Forced Marriage Mate Crime Hate Crime Honour Based Abuse Trafficking Domestic Abuse Scams Radicalisation Hate Crime

13. Dealing with a Disclosure – Do’s Listen carefully Be transparent about what you will do with the information. Offer reassurance Ask open questions (what, who, where, when, how) Record (verbatim) Consider the person’s immediate safety. Refer/seek advice

14. LENS – Making Safeguarding Personal LENS - MAKING SAFEGUARDING PERSONAL (FIRST RESPONSE) Listen – Don’t be judgmental. Don’t hurry. Listen actively. Environment – Help the person feel safe. Find somewhere calm to talk. Make sure the conversation is private. Next Steps – Establish what the person wants. Be transparent about what you will do. Share information only with the right people. Preserve evidence if necessary. Safer – Check if immediate help is needed. Ensure confidence in what happens next. Help the person to be safe and feel safe.

15. Suffolk SAB – Vision, Mission, Values and Pledges

16. Suffolk SAB – Adult Safeguarding Framework

17. Suffolk SAB – Adult Safeguarding Framework An adult who meets the above criteria is referred to as an “adult at risk”. However, practitioners need to be mindful that safeguarding duties apply to family carers experiencing intentional or unintentional harm from the adult they are supporting or from professionals and organisations they are in contact with. As well as victims of domestic abuse or modern slavery who are not in receipt of care and support. * In some situations the Local Authority can undertake enquiries for those that only have support needs.

18. Suffolk SAB – Adult Safeguarding Framework

19. Suffolk SAB – Adult Safeguarding Framework

20. Suffolk’s Adult Safeguarding Journey

21. What is child safeguarding? Definition from the NSPCC: Safeguarding is the action that is taken to promote the welfare of children and protect them from harm. Safeguarding means: protecting children from abuse and maltreatment. preventing harm to children'shealth or development. Ensuring children grow up with the provision of safe and effective care.

22. Types of Abuse - Children Causing physical harm to a child (eg. hitting, shaking, scalding). Physical abuse Forcing or enticing a child to take part in sexual activity. Sexual abuse Persistent emotional maltreatment of a child causing adverse effect on emotional development. Emotional abuse Persistent failure to meet a child’s physical or psychological needs. Neglect

23. Other Safeguarding Issues Forced Marriage Sexual Exploitation Private Fostering Domestic Abuse Honour Based Abuse Modern Day Slavery Gangs and Criminal Exploitation Female Genital Mutilation Radicalisation Grooming, e-safety, sexting Missing Children County Lines

24. Dealing with a safeguarding concern • Stay calm and listen carefully, offer reassurance to the child or young person. • Use reflective listening and ask open non judgemental questions – (what, who, where, when). • Do not promise the child confidentiality. • Record (verbatim). • Seek further advice from your safeguarding lead and MASH team if required. • Explain to the parents that you are referring your concern, unless by doing so you think you put the child at increased risk of significant harm.

25. Urban Street Gangs A relatively durable, predominantly street-based group of young people who; • see themselves (and are seen by others) as a discernible group; • engage in a range of criminal activity and violence; • identify with or lay claim over territory; • have some form of identifying structural feature and; • are in conflict with other, similar, gangs. (Dying to Belong, 2009)

26. County Lines • County Lines supply class A drugs (primarily crack cocaine and heroin) from an urban hub into rural towns or county locations. This is facilitated by a group who may not necessarily be affiliated as a gang, but who have developed networks across geographical boundaries to access and exploit existing drugs markets in these areas. (County Lines, Violence, Exploitation and Drug Supply, National Crime Agency, 2017). • County Lines operate as drug dealing businesses and are motivated by profit. • Referred to as ‘going country’ ‘going cunch’ or ‘going OT’.

27. The Suffolk Picture The picture in Suffolk, as elsewhere, evolves rapidly. Practitioners should be alert to the fact that this is the case, as the gangs and county line networks will adjust their tactics to avoid specific law enforcement or to gain greater market share.

28. Use of Social Media • Tool for promoting brand • Music videos • ‘Drill’ • Quick time exchange of information • Enhances status and reputation • ‘Snapchat’ – immediate post which disappears

29. Why are we concerned?/The impact A child or young person who is affected by gang activity or serious youth violence can be at risk of significant harm. • Exploitation to commit crimes such as selling drugs, stealing phones etc. • Retaliatory violence. • Psychological harm due to the trauma gang members experience and witness. • Physical harm suffered – whilst committing a crime or due to drug debts. • Violence to assert authority in the local area. • Sexual violence and sexual exploitation.

30. If you have a concern about a child Talk to your Designated Safeguarding Lead If you have a concern about a child and wish to make a safeguarding referral you will need to use the Suffolk County Council Children and Young People’s Portal. The first time you complete a form you will be asked to create a new portal account. It’s quick and easy to register for an account, and means the information you send to us is secure. You can access the portal via the LSCB website: http://www.suffolkscb.org.uk/working-with-children/how-to-make-a-referral/ If you would like to discuss whether or not a referral is required, you can call the Professional Consultation Line on 03456 061 499 to speak with a MASH social worker. If you have an urgent safeguarding concern or are unable to access the Portal, you should contact: Customer First: 0808 800 4005. Suffolk Police: 01473 613500 or in an emergency call 999.

31. If you have a concern about an adult Talk to your Designated Safeguarding Lead If you have a concern about an adult and wish to make a safeguarding referral you will need to use the Suffolk County Council Adult Care Portal. The first time you complete a form you will be asked to create a new portal account. It’s quick and easy to register for an account, and means the information you send to us is secure. You can access the portal via the SAB website: https://suffolkas.org/concerned/ If you would like to discuss whether or not a referral is required, you can call the Professional Consultation Line on 03456 061 499 to speak with a MASH social worker. For Self-Neglect & Hoarding concerns, please complete the Self-Neglect and Hoarding Referral Form available from: http://www.suffolkas.org If you have an urgent safeguarding concern or are unable to access the Portal you should contact: Customer First: 0808 800 4005. Suffolk Police: 01473 613500 or in an emergency call 999.

32. Modern Day Slavery Act 2005 – National Referral Mechanism (NRM) and Duty to Notify • http://www.suffolkscb.org.uk/assets/Safeguarding-Topics/Modern-Day-Slavery/Modern-Slavery-Poster-v3.pdf • The NRM Form should be sent to the NCA Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking Unit via email to: nrm@nca.x.gsi.gov.uk • Completed MS1 forms should be sent via email to: dutytonotify@homeoffice.gsi.gov.uk

33. Multi-Agency Safeguarding Hub Social Care Domestic Abuse Police Early Help Service Health Education Early Years Youth Offending Housing Probation

34. What happens next? The MASH work together to decide on appropriate action after receiving the referral (concern). The MASH does an initial rating of risk and decides how quickly partners will share information in order to make a decision on next steps. As part of information gathering, the MASH practitioners, where appropriate, will seek to discuss with the adult at risk. https://www.suffolkas.org/working-with-adults/the-multi-agency-safeguarding-hub-mash/

35. Brag rating within the MASH Team

36. What happens next - Adults? • Following the information sharing process within the MASH, a strategy discussion will be held to determine the level of risk and the action that needs to be taken. • Low level Concerns will be investigated by local Social Care teams or the relevant organisation. • Medium and high level Concerns may be investigated by the Adult Protection Team in conjunction with other organisations, such as Police, CCG, Trading Standards, CQC, etc. • All agencies have a duty to co-operate with the Local Authority in respect of safeguarding enquiries.

37. What happens next - Children? • Following the information sharing process within the MASH, if it is considered that the child is at risk of significant harm, a section 47 threshold discussion will be held to determine the level of intervention needed. • If MASH consider that the child is at risk of significant harm, the referral goes to Social care teams, who will complete the strategy planning discussion for section 47 enquiry. • If the threshold of significant harm is not met, the referral can go to Early Help or Child in Need teams, for an assessment.

38. Professional Safety Safe recruitment Induction and training Supervision Whistleblowing

39. Local Authority Designated Officers (LADOs) The LADO manages allegations against people who work with children and young people in any capacity, whether paid, unpaid, volunteer, casual, agency or anyone self-employed. Contact Details: Central telephone number: 0300 123 2044 Email: LADO@suffolk.gov.uk

40. Further Information Suffolk Safeguarding Children Board Suffolk Adult Safeguarding Board www.suffolkscb.org.ukwww.suffolkas.org Suffolk County Council – adult safeguarding https://www.suffolk.gov.uk/adult -social-care-and-health/keeping-you-safe/safeguarding/ Suffolk Mental Capacity Act and DOLS website: https://www.suffolk.gov.uk/mca The Care Act 2014 – Care and Support statutory guidance (safeguarding) https://www.gov.uk/guidance/care-and-support-statutory-guidance/safeguarding SCIE Adult Safeguarding Questions: http://www.scie.org.uk/care-act-2014/safeguarding-adults/adult-safeguarding-practice-questions/ Childline – 0800 1111 https://www.childline.org.uk/