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A publisher’s perspective on standards

A publisher’s perspective on standards. Discovery and Access: Standards and the Information Chain 7 December 2006 Cliff Morgan, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Publishers are interested in …. Standards that help customers to: Discover material Link to it Buy it Know what they can do with it

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A publisher’s perspective on standards

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  1. A publisher’s perspective onstandards Discovery and Access: Standards and the Information Chain 7 December 2006 Cliff Morgan, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  2. Publishers are interested in … Standards that help customers to: • Discover material • Link to it • Buy it • Know what they can do with it • Be kept up to date about it • Manage their records

  3. Use the material • Assess its value • Preserve it

  4. Discover material Metadata: • Dublin Core – basis of so many other m/data sets but not used much in raw form by publishers • dcterms (TMSFKADCQ) doesn’t seem to have had much take-up • OAI-PMH – based on DC

  5. Publishers tend not to be involved with: • Z39.50 • METS • MODS • Metasearch

  6. Enhances access to e-print archives • Neutral regarding business model • Authors not using much • Publishers could target harvesters • ORE (Object Reuse and Exchange) – brought to you by the same people • Allows distributed repositories to exchange info about their constituent digital objects

  7. Link to material • CrossRef – based on m/data and id (DOI) standards • Gets a lot of publisher support – 2287 members • Many publishers also OpenURL compliant • Although probably just in its 0.1 version rather than the NISO standard 1.0

  8. Buy material • Product identifiers – ISBN, ISSN • Trading product metadata – ONIX • EDI standards • Interested in any standards that support e-commerce and microtransactions

  9. Know what can be done with material • RELs (Rights Expression Languages): XrML; ODRL • Don’t think many publishers using • ONIX for Licensing Terms – a standard syntax for expressing T&Cs (not for standardising the T&Cs themselves) • Shibboleth – Attribute Release Policy • Automated Content Access Protocol

  10. Be kept up to date about material • RSS • But beware which version • 1.0 is RDF Site Summary • 2.0 is Really Simple Syndication • 2.0 is not a development of 1.0 • Completely different standards • 2.0 is simpler than 1.0 but less flexible • “Urchin” open-source RSS aggregator developed by NPG (PALS project)

  11. Manage library records • MARC (but only if mapping to our m/data sets – publishers aren’t MARC experts) • ONIX for Serials (SPS, SOH and SRN)

  12. Use material • Formats – text PDF, HTML, XML ; graphics (GIF, JPEG, PNG, SVG); multimedia (MPEG) • E-book formats (Mobipocket) • DTDs – e.g. NLM becoming the de facto standard

  13. Assess the value of material • Usage stats: COUNTER • SUSHI for aggregated stats • “Usage Factor” – like the IF

  14. Preserve material • OAIS; CEDARS • But publishers don’t really get into • They preserve their own material but aren’t experts on ingestion, migration, emulation, etc. • Working with the BL on legal deposit

  15. How do publishers assess? • Will it mean more income (sell more units or charge more for each unit)? • Will it reduce costs? • Will it allow me to make a better product or service (even if can’t charge more)? • Will it help to stimulate the market generally?

  16. Who’s behind the standard? • How likely is take-up? • Should I be a spectator or participant? • Backing horses – what’s the formbook?

  17. Some examples • Well established and managed – ISBN, ISSN, CrossRef, ONIX • Becoming established – ONIX for Serials • Relatively low take-up, may blossom – OAI-PMH, OpenURL • Ones that never really got off the ground – BICI (stillborn), ISTC (no RA) • Early days – Shibboleth, ACAP, ORE, OLT

  18. Conclusions • Some standards are no brainers • Some need assessing re specific and general business impact • Some standards compete • Some never get anywhere (even if agreed need) • They are always a compromise

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