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Learn about strategic choices in mature markets, maintaining competitive advantage, customer value management, differentiation, and low-cost positioning.
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Chapter 16 Strategies for Mature and Declining Markets
Strategic Choices in Mature Markets • It is not always easy to tell when a market has reached maturity • Variations in brands, marketing programs, and customer groups can mean that different brands and market segments reach maturity at different times
Strategic Choices in Mature Markets • As the maturity stage progresses, a variety of threats and opportunities can disrupt an industry’s stability: • Shifts in customer needs or preferences • Product substitutes • Increased raw material costs • Changes in government regulations • The entry of low-cost producers • Mergers and acquisitions
Strategic Choices in Mature Markets • Success in mature markets requires two sets of strategic actions: • The development of a well-implemented business strategy to sustain a competitive advantage, customer satisfaction, and loyalty • Flexible and creative marketing programs geared to pursue growth or profit opportunities as conditions change in specific product-markets
Strategies for Maintaining Competitive Advantage • Both analyzer and defender strategies may be appropriate for units with a leading, or at least a profitable, share of one or more major segments in a mature industry • Analyzer - Appropriate for developed industries that are still experiencing some technological change and may have opportunities for continued growth • Defender - Works where the basic technology is not very complex or is unlikely to change dramatically
Strategies for Maintaining Competitive Advantage • Both analyzers and defenders can attempt to sustain a competitive advantage in established product-markets: • Through differentiation of their product offering • By maintaining a low-cost position
Methods of Differentiation • Dimensions of product quality: • Functional performance • Durability • Conformance with specifications • Variety of features • Reliability • Serviceability • Fit and finish • Quality reputation of the brand name • Equity
Methods of Differentiation • Dimensions of service quality: • Tangibles • Reliability • Responsiveness • Empathy • Assurance
Are the Dimensions the Same for Service Quality on the Internet? • Online service quality - The extent to which a website facilitates efficient and effective shopping, purchasing, and delivery
Methods of Maintaining a Low-Cost Position • Means for obtaining a sustainable cost advantage: • A no-frills product • Innovative product design • Cheaper raw materials • Innovative production processes • Low-cost distribution • Reductions in overhead
Customers’ Satisfaction and Loyalty are Crucial for Maximizing Their Lifetime Value • Measuring customer satisfaction • To gain the knowledge necessary to continually improve the value of their offerings to customers, firms must understand how satisfied existing and potential customers are with their current offerings • Improving customer retention and loyalty • This is especially true as markets mature because loyal customers become more profitable over time
Customers’ Satisfaction and Loyalty are Crucial for Maximizing Their Lifetime Value • Are all customers equally valuable? • The ability of firms to tailor different levels of service and benefits to different customers based on each person’s potential to produce a profit has been facilitated by the growing popularity of the Internet • Increased stratification of consumer society: This raises ethical and strategic questions
Chapter 17 Organizing and Planning for Effective Implementation
Marketing Plans: The Foundation for Implementing Marketing Actions • Preparation of a written plan is a key step in ensuring the effective execution of a strategic marketing program because it spells out what actions are to be taken, when, and by whom
The Situational Analysis • Market situation - Data are presented on the target market • Competitive situation - Identifies and describes the product’s major competitors in terms of their size, market share, product quality, marketing strategies, and other relevant factors • Macroenvironmental situation - Describes broad environmental occurrences or trends that may have a bearing on the product’s future
The Situational Analysis • Past product performance - Discusses the product’s performance on such dimensions as sales volume, margins, marketing expenditures, and profit contribution for several recent years • Sales forecast and other key assumptions - Typically includes estimates of sales potential, sales forecasts, and other evidence or assumptions underlying the plan
Key Issues • After analyzing the current situation, the product manager must identify the most important issues facing the product in the coming year • These issues typically represent either threats to the future market or financial performance of the product or opportunities to improve those performances
Objectives • Financial objectives: Provide goals for the overall performance of the brand and should reflect the objectives for the SBU as a whole and its competitive strategy • Marketing objectives: Specify the changes in customer behavior and levels of performance of various marketing program elements necessary to reach the product’s financial objectives
Marketing Strategy • The manager must now specify the overall marketing strategy to be pursued • The chosen strategy should fit the market and competitive conditions faced by the product and its strategic objectives • It should also incorporate all of the necessary decisions concerning the 4Ps
Action Plans • The most crucial part of the annual marketing plan for ensuring proper execution • The specific actions necessary to implement the strategy for the product are listed, together with a clear statement of • Who is responsible for each action • When it will be done • And how much is to be spent on each activity • Specific timelines and milestones are set forth
Projected Profit-and-Loss Statement • The action plan includes a supporting budget that is essentially a projected profit-and-loss statement • This budget is then presented to higher levels of management for review and possible modification • Once approved, the budget serves as a basis for the plans and resource allocation decisions of other functional departments within the SBU
Contingency Plans • The manager might also detail contingency plans to be implemented if specific threats or opportunities should occur during the planning period