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Understanding Unsaturated Hydrocarbons in Chemistry

Explore the structural characteristics of alkenes and alkynes, types of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Learn how to differentiate between saturated and unsaturated compounds.

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Understanding Unsaturated Hydrocarbons in Chemistry

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  1. Chemistry 22.2

  2. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons • Roach traps are baited with pheromones, which roaches produce to attract mates. The structure of many pheromones is based on unsaturated hydrocarbons. You will study two types of unsaturated hydrocarbons—alkenes and alkynes.

  3. Alkenes • Alkenes • What are the structural characteristics of alkenes?

  4. Alkenes • At least one carbon-carbon bond in an alkene is a double covalent bond. Other bonds may be single carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-hydrogen bonds.

  5. Alkenes • Organic compounds that contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom are called saturated compounds. • Compounds that contain double or triple carbon-carbon bonds are called unsaturated compounds.

  6. Alkenes • Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds.

  7. Alkenes • Because rotation is restricted around the double bond, atoms in ethene lie in one plane. Ethene

  8. Alkynes • Alkynes • What are the structural characteristics of alkynes?

  9. Alkynes • At least one carbon-carbon bond in an alkyne is a triple covalent bond. Other bonds may be single or double carbon-carbon bonds and single carbon-hydrogen bonds.

  10. Alkynes • Hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon triple covalent bonds are called alkynes. • Straight-chain and branched-chain alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are aliphatic hydrocarbons.

  11. Alkynes • The triple bond restricts rotation in an ethyne molecule, which has a linear shape.

  12. Alkenes

  13. 22.2 Section Quiz. • 22.2.

  14. 22.2 Section Quiz. • 1. Alkenes and alkynes are called unsaturated compounds because they contain • single bonds only. • double or triple bonds. • oxygen atoms. • hydrogen atoms.

  15. 22.2 Section Quiz. • 2. What is the correct name for a compound with a C-C-C=C-C carbon skeleton? • 3-pentyne • 2-pentene • 3-pentene • 4-pentene

  16. 22.2 Section Quiz. • 3. Which of the following substances is an alkyne? • C6H12 • C2H4 • C2H2 • C4H8

  17. END OF SHOW

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