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Control Interfaces for Assistive Technology

Control Interfaces for Assistive Technology. Hsin-yu Chiang, ScD, OT. Learning Objectives. Describe the elements of Human/Technology interface Describe the characteristics of Control Interfaces Learn how to select Control Interfaces for the users Identify technologies for direct selection

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Control Interfaces for Assistive Technology

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  1. Control Interfaces for Assistive Technology Hsin-yu Chiang, ScD, OT

  2. Learning Objectives • Describe the elements of Human/Technology interface • Describe the characteristics of Control Interfaces • Learn how to select Control Interfaces for the users • Identify technologies for direct selection • Identify technologies for indirect selection • Other considerations

  3. Elements of Human /Technology interface ●Control Interface: input device discrete inputs (computer keyboard), continuous inputs (mouse) ● Selection Set Visual (computer keyboard), tactile (braille), auditory(spoken choices) ●Selection Methods Direct selection, indirection selection ● The processor:connecting the interface to the activity output Generate feedback & activity output

  4. Characteristics of Control Interfaces ●Spatial characteristic: placement and size of CI Its overall size, weight & shape; no. of target within CI; size of target; spacing between target…. ● Activation & Deactivation characteristic: how it is activated? • Method of activation: Movement (eye, head, tongue) Mechanical CI:keyboard, joystick.. Electromagnetic CI:light detector, IR remote Electrical CI: EMG Proximity CI: heat sensitive switch

  5. Respiration (inhalation-expiration): puff & sip Phonation: sound switch, speech recognition…… • Other activation characteristics: Effort, displacement deactivation flexibility durability & maintainability ● Sensory characteristic: what feedback is obtained? Auditory: click sound Somatosensory: tactile, kinesthetic, propriceptive Visual: color

  6. Select Control Interfaces for the users Outcomes of Needs Identification Outcomes of Physical-Sensory Evaluation Control Enhancers Directselection Indirect selection Modifications

  7. Control Interfaces for Direct Selection ● Most rapid, preferred over the use of indirect selection ● Some critical questions to ask for keyboard using • Can c’t reach all of the key? • How about the accuracy? At least 75% be correct • How about the speed? ● Some alternative keyboards Expanded keyboard, contracted keyboard, touch screen, tongue-touch keypad………..

  8. IntelliKeys (expended keyboard)

  9. Ergonomic Keyboard (vertical-split keyboard)

  10. WinMini Keyboard (contracted keyboard)

  11. These keys are not assigned • any specific functions when • manufactured,but can be • programmed just about • anything the user like. AlphaTalker (special purpose keyboard)

  12. SofType for TouchScreens

  13. Tongue-touch keypad

  14. ● Electronic pointing interfaces • Mouse • Trackball • Joystick

  15. Head-Controlled Computer Access • Three-Dimensional Tracking Systems • Features: • Wireless Operation (senor attached to the forehead) • No Cumbersome Head Mounted Apparatus • Precise Pointing • Operates in Conjunction With or Replaces • Standard Desktop Mouse

  16. Head-Controlled Computer Access

  17. Speech Recognition System • Speaker dependent system • Recognition depends on the • system’s learning the user’s • speech pattern • Speaker independent system • No training required • Vocabulary set is small, used in • ECU & powered mobility

  18. Control Interfaces for Indirect Selection • Using a single switch or an array of switches • The c’t needs to : • activate the switch and activate at right time • wait for the desired selection to be presented • hold the switch • release the switch • Selection techniques for scanning • automatic scanning • step scanning • inverse scanning

  19. Selection Formats for scanning • Linear • Rotary • Coded access • Morse code rotary scanning

  20. SwitchXS http://www.assistiveware.com/switchaccess.php

  21. Types of single switches Paddle switch Wobble switch Leaf switch Lever switch

  22. Sip-and-puff switch

  23. Other considerations • Integrated control: Use the same interface for • several applications • Mounting system • Flexible • Fixed Flexible mounting system

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