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Lecture 3

Lecture 3. Gathering Materials & Supporting Your Ideas. Gathering Materials. Using your own knowledge and experience Doing library research

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Lecture 3

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  1. Lecture 3 Gathering Materials & Supporting Your Ideas

  2. Gathering Materials • Using your own knowledge and experience • Doing library research • Librarians, The catalogue, Periodical databases, General databases VS Special databases, Newspapers; Reference works; Encyclopedias; Yearbooks; Dictionaries; Quotation books; Biographical aids; Atlases and Gazetteers…

  3. Searching the Internet 1)Search engines: • 2) Meta-search engines: • 3) Virtual libraries: • 4) Keyword searches; • 5) Subject searches; • 6) Specialized Research Resources; • 7) Government Resources; • 8) Reference Resources; • 9) News Resources; 10) Multicultural Resources

  4. Evaluating Internet Documents • 1)Authorship • 2) Sponsorship • 3) Recency • Citing Internet Sources: (bibliography formats for APA and MLA)

  5. Interviewing • 1)Before the interview • a. Define the purpose of the interview • b. Decide whom to interview • c.Arrange the interview • d. Decide whether to record the interview • e. Prepare your questions

  6. 2)      During the interview: • a. Dress appropriately and be on time • b. Repeat the purpose of the interview • c. Set up the recorder, if you are using one • and try to ignore it • d. Keep the interview on track • e. Listen carefully • f. Don’t overstay your welcome

  7. After the interview • a. Review your notes as soon as possible • b. Transcribe your notes

  8. Tips for Doing Research • 1)Start early • 2)Make a preliminary bibliography • 3)Take notes effectively • 4)Take plenty of notes • 5)Record notes in a consistent format • 6)Make a separate entry for each note • 7) Distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrases • and your own ideas • 8) Use index cards if you write notes by hand; • 9) Think about your material as you research.

  9. Supporting your ideas: • make sure your supporting materials are: • accurate, • relevant • reliable

  10. Examples: a. Brief examples b. Extended examples c. Hypothetical examples

  11. Tips for using examples • a.  to clarify your ideas • b. to reinforce your ideas • c.  to personalize your ideas • d. make your examples vivid and richly textured; • e. practice delivery to enhance your extended examples

  12. Statistics • To create an overall impact on listeners • a.Are the statistics representative? • b. Are statistical measures used correctly? c. Are the statistics from a reliable source?

  13. Tips for using statistics • a. to quantify your ideas • b. use statistics sparingly • c. identify the sources of your statistics • d. explain your statistics • e. round off complicated statistics • f.use visual aids to clarify statistical trends

  14. Testimony • expert testimony • peer testimony • quote VS paraphrase • Quotations are most effective when they are brief, eloquent, witty or compelling.

  15. tips for using testimony: • a.quote or paraphrase accurately; • b.use testimony from qualified sources; • c. use testimony from unbiased sources; • d. identify the people you quote or paraphrase

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