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Mixtures & Solutions

Mixtures & Solutions. Investigation 2 – Reaching Saturation. Part 1 – Salt Saturation. Vocabulary Saturated solution – a solution in which as much solute as possible has been dissolved. Molecule – two or more atoms joined together (may be the same or different elements)

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Mixtures & Solutions

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  1. Mixtures & Solutions Investigation 2 – Reaching Saturation

  2. Part 1 – Salt Saturation Vocabulary • Saturated solution – a solution in which as much solute as possible has been dissolved. • Molecule – two or more atoms joined together (may be the same or different elements) • Examples: oxygen (O2), water (H2O), salt (NaCl) • Compound – a substance made up of atoms of more than one element joined together in a molecule • Examples: water (H2O), salt (NaCl), calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

  3. Part 1 – Salt Saturation Main Ideas/Concepts • Salt will dissolve in water until it reaches saturation. No more salt will dissolve once saturation is reached. • The amount of salt in a saturated solution can be determined by weighing the saturated solution and subtracting the mass of the water. • It takes an average of 10-15g of salt to saturate 50 ml of water

  4. Part 2 – Citric Acid Saturation Vocabulary • Solubility – the property that substances have of dissolving in water (capable of being dissolved). Main Ideas/Concepts • Citric acid is about four times more soluble in water than salt is. • It takes an average of 45-65g of citric acid to saturate 50 ml of water

  5. FOSS Science Stories Decompression Sickness • Under normal air pressure, nitrogen saturates the blood. • When the air pressure drops, the blood can no longer hold all the nitrogen, and some is released as gas bubbles. • If the pressure drops too fast (such as when you go up too quickly in a plane or rise to the top of the water too fast while scuba diving), the gas bubbles can accumulate in your bloodstream causing problems: • Nauseous feeling, speech and muscle difficulties, joint pain (nicknamed “the bends”), rash Sour Power • Citric acid is found in citrus fruits (example: lemons, limes) and in most plants and animals • Helps aid in the process called metabolism • It is a widely used food additive – gives sour taste, helps fruits keep color and flavor • Used to make ink, dyes, medicines, cleansers • Karl Wilhelm Scheele first discovered citric acid in certain plants • also discovered nitrogen, chlorine, manganese, and oxygen • Humans have between 2,000-5,000 taste buds that can detect sour, sweet, bitter and salty tastes.

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