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Transactional Model of Communication

Transactional Model of Communication. The Changing World of Communication. What’s changing Technology Mediated communication Social media Selecting the best channel Demographics Intercultural Communication Competency. What Makes a Competent Communicator?.

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Transactional Model of Communication

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  1. Transactional Model of Communication

  2. The Changing World of Communication • What’s changing • Technology • Mediated communication • Social media • Selecting the best channel • Demographics • Intercultural Communication • Competency

  3. What Makes a Competent Communicator? • Effective communication helps to “achieve one’s goals in a manner that, ideally, maintains or enhances the relationship in which it occurs” • No “ideal” way to communicate: • Competence is situational • Competence is relational • Competence can be learned

  4. The Self, Perception, and Communication

  5. Communication and the Self Self-concept A set of relatively stable perceptions that each of us holds about ourselves.

  6. We create our self-concept from the ways that others communicate with us – especially as children, but even as adults.We develop an image of ourselves from the way that we think others view us.

  7. Communication and the Self Self-concept Biological / Sociological Factors that shape our self-concept • Moods and feelings • Physical appearance/ condition • Social traits • Talents • Intellectual capacity • Belief systems (religion, philosophy, strong beliefs) • Social roles A set of relatively stable perceptions that each of us holds about ourselves.

  8. Identity Management What is the first impression that you give when you meet someone for the first time? Has anyone ever had the wrong first impression of you? Describe the situation and how the person reacted to you. Why do you think that person reacted that way?

  9. Identify Management and Honesty • We make constant choices about how to act in various situations • Identity management involves deciding which face—which part of yourself—to reveal

  10. Why Manage Identity? • Social roles and rules • Personal goals • Managing others’ impressions of us • Face-to-face • Manner (our words and nonverbal actions) • Appearance (our personal items, dress) • Setting (items in our physical environments) • Computer-mediated environments • Greater control over the identity we present

  11. Perceiving Others • Selection • We pay attention to intense and contrasting and moving stimuli, and those that appeal to internal factors (our motivations, emotional state) • Organization • Interpretation

  12. Perceiving Others • Selection • We pay attention to intense and contrasting and moving stimuli, and those that appeal to internal factors (our motivations, emotional state) • Organization • Perceptual Schema/Frameworks • Physical constructs (appearance) • Role constructs (social position) • Interaction constructs (social behaviors) • Psychological constructs (internal states of mind) • Interpretation

  13. Perceiving Others • Selection • We pay attention to intense and contrasting and moving stimuli, and those that appeal to internal factors (our motivations, emotional state) • Organization • Perceptual Schema/Frameworks • Physical constructs (appearance) • Role constructs (social position) • Interaction constructs (social behaviors) • Psychological constructs (internal states of mind) • Interpretation • Considerations • Degree of involvement and relational satisfaction • Past personal experiences • Assumptions about human behavior • Expectations • Knowledge of others

  14. Narratives The stories that we create to help make sense of our personal world

  15. Perceptual Tendencies • We make snap judgments • We tend to group traits and characteristics to give us a full picture • Halo effect • We stereotype others • Categorize others on the basis of characteristics that are easily recognizable, but not necessarily significant • Ascribe a set of characteristics to most or all members of a group AND THEN -- • Apply the generalization to a particular person

  16. Perceptual Tendencies (cont.) • We judge ourselves more charitably than we judge others – we attribute our successes to internal causes and our failures to external forces • Self-serving bias • We pay more attention to negative impressions than positive ones • We are influenced by what is most obvious • We cling to first impressions, even if wrong • We tend to assume that others are similar to us

  17. For Next Week • Bring a children’s book to read aloud to the class • Preschool or 1st grade level • No Dr. Seuss! • Read pp. 342-346 in textbook • Bring a note card with 3 topics for a short speech • General topic of interest • Current or local issue/event • Something you think would make an entertaining topic

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