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Phases of Roman History

Phases of Roman History. A story told in themes…. Phase 1: Latinium Phase. Phase 2: Republican Rome. Roman Political Identity . Rejection of Monarchy-510 B.C.E Disinterest in Empire and conquest…initially Concept of Roman Citizenship

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Phases of Roman History

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  1. Phases of Roman History

  2. A story told in themes…

  3. Phase 1: Latinium Phase

  4. Phase 2: Republican Rome

  5. Roman Political Identity • Rejection of Monarchy-510 B.C.E • Disinterest in Empire and conquest…initially • Concept of Roman Citizenship • Rome itself was ethnically diverse—need to incorporate citizen groups. • Expansion of citizenship to increase its pool of military recruits

  6. Importance of Stoicism • The Hellenistic political value that emphasized the virtue of improving human affairs through civic involvement. • Roman political ideology evolved in a manner that was similar to Greece and China • “mosmaiorum” • Uprightness • Faithfulness • Respect

  7. Lucilius on Political Virtue • “virtue is to know the human relevance of each thing, to know what is humanly right and useful and honorable…and in addition virtue is putting the country’s interest first, then our parents, with our interests third and last”. • Compare this ideal to China, Greece, or India

  8. A Cosmopolitan City • 10,000 statues • 500 fountains • 700 pools • 36 “monumental buildings” • Constructed by public dollars • Magnificent engineering • Culture spread to other areas

  9. Roman food day? • Boiled ostrich • Parrot-tongue pie • Tree fungus in fish fat • Jellyfish stew • Garum

  10. Religion

  11. Roman Religion

  12. Phase 3: Empirical Rome

  13. Famous last words…

  14. Battle of Actium changes the course of history.

  15. “Augustus”-semi divine ruler

  16. PaxRomana • The Augustian age sponsored several centuries of pece and stability that was able to overcome shockingly poor emperors.

  17. Scope

  18. Jews and Rome • State cults were blasphemous • Refused to worship Roman Emperors • Judea suffered greatly economically and politically. • Resistance and conflict were common: Jewish War 66-7. • Essenes and other groups looked for a savior who would deliver them from Roman rule.

  19. A “client king” or “puppet king” of Judea. Hated by the Jews for his taxes, harsh laws, and religious interference. Promoted the “cult of Roma”. Anti-Roman movements emerge: Zealots King Herod

  20. Born in 4 C.E Arrived during a time of tension between Jews and their emperor. “Kingdom of god” in direct contrast to the Roman Empire. Political v. Religious overtones His death in the early 30’s C.E didn’t put an end to the movement. Jesus of Nazareth

  21. Evolution of Christianity

  22. Born in 4 C.E Arrived during a time of tension between Jews and their emperor. “Kingdom of god” in direct contrast to the Roman Empire. Political v. Religious overtones His death in the early 30’s C.E didn’t put an end to the movement. Jesus of Nazareth

  23. Spread of Christianity • Peter continued the teachings of Jesus. His leadership in the Apostles led to the creation of Bishoprics and the Papacy. • Paul of Tarsus (purple pages) brought the church outside of Judea through his missionary activities and made it applicable to all peoples not just Jews.

  24. Martyr stories suggest that the degree of hostility towards them was savage. Roman citizens misunderstood Christianity. Distrusted the exclusivity of the faith. Didn’t understand the rituals and sacraments, thought of them as atheists. Emperor Constantine, in the Edict of Milan removed religious intolerance from Roman law and granted religious freedom. Theodosius 391 CE made it the official faith of Rome. Acceptance of Christianity

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