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Ocean Currents

About the map you might wonder…. Ocean Currents. Why are we studying the ocean? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUW_Zv_jJb8. Ocean Currents. - Mass movement or flow of ocean water River within an ocean Two types of currents Surface currents and Deep currents. Video introduction.

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Ocean Currents

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  1. About the map you might wonder… Ocean Currents

  2. Why are we studying the ocean?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUW_Zv_jJb8

  3. Ocean Currents - Mass movement or flow of ocean water River within an ocean Two types of currents Surface currents and Deep currents

  4. Video introduction

  5. Surface Currents Surface Current Horizontal, stream-like movements of water that occur at or near the surface of the ocean Can reach depths of several hundred meters

  6. Nemo and EAC= Surface current!

  7. What do you notice about the movement of ocean water?

  8. Surface Currents Controlled by 3 factors Global winds Coriolis Effect Continental Deflections

  9. Surface Currents Global Winds Cause surface currents to flow in the direction the wind is blowing Coriolis Effect The apparent curving of moving objects due to the Earth’s rotation Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPsLanVS1Q8

  10. Surface Currents Coriolis Effect Northern Hemisphere = clockwise Southern Hemisphere = counter clockwise Continental Deflections Shape of continents change the direction of current flow

  11. Deep Currents Stream like movement of ocean water far below the surface 1. Caused by changes in density 2. Change in temperature 3. Change in salinity

  12. Deep Currents Change in temperature Decreasing the temperature of water increases density Change in salinity Increasing the salinity of water increases density

  13. Surface Currents and Climate Warm water currents On the east coasts of continents Bring warm water to colder regions

  14. Great Lakes Tennessee Florida Equator

  15. Surface currents Cold water currents On the west coasts of continents Bring cold water to warmer regions

  16. Californiacoast of North America Pacific Ocean Central America

  17. Upwelling Upwelling The movement of deep, cold, nutrient rich water to the surface Nutrients promote growth of fish and plants Areas are important fishing grounds

  18. What is the difference between Peru(A) and Columbia (B) B A

  19. The deep water that surfaces in upwelling is cold; by looking at Sea Surface Temperature maps we can identify cool upwelled water versus hotter surface water.

  20. Upwelling • - Refers to deep water that is brought to the surface • Upwelled water also contains nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, silicate) and dissolved gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) that are not utilized at depth because of a lack of sunlight. • Now on the surface, these nutrients and gases help to fuel photosynthesis by small algae called phytoplankton.

  21. Ecological and Economic Effects of Upwelling: • 1. Upwelling leads to more phytoplankton • 2. More phytoplankton leads to more fish • 3. More fish lead to commercial fishing jobs and to more seafood

  22. Even though upwelling areas account for only 1% of the ocean surface, they support 50% of the worlds fisheries.

  23. - El Niñonamed by fishermen hundreds of years ago in region near Peru El Niño Change in the water temperature in the Pacific Ocean that produces an unusually warm current

  24. La Nina • La Niña • Change in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which the surface water temperature becomes unusually cool

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