Breathing and Choking Emergencies

1. Breathing and Choking Emergencies Mr. Shenise Human Relations 2

2. Links to Training Resources http://www.procpr.org/en/training https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/?search=y&getfields=subject.description&q=choking&site=kh&client=ms_p_en&output=xml_no_dtd&gsaRequestId=7457070404200936186&filter=0&WT.ac=msh-p-dtop-en-search&kh-search-lang-select=eng

3. Do Now: Think, Pair, Share • What are some ways you can identify an emergency? How do you know an emergency is happening? • What is the difference between actual consent and implied consent? • Why would somebody NOT want to respond to an emergency situation?

4. Universal PrecautionsTreat all body fluids as if it were contaminated. • Wear disposable latex or vinyl gloves and only use them once. • Wash your hands with soap and water after removing the gloves. • Use a facemask with a one-way valve. • Cover any cuts, scrapes or rashes on your body with a plastic wrap or a sterile bandage. • Don’t eat or drink, or touch your mouth, nose, eyes, or personal items until you have washed your hands. • Avoid contact with blood, blood soiled objects, or other body fluids. • Tell EMS personnel if you came into direct contact with any blood or body fluids.

5. Emergency Action Steps Check: Make sure the scene is safe, how many victims are there, what happened, check for breathing/consciousness. Call: 9-1-1 if there is another person with you send them to call, if no one is with you, you must make the call. Care: Once you determine the scene is safe, and a 9-1-1 call has been made you can proceed to give the correct care.

6. Victim Assessment Victim Assessment: A check of the injured or medically ill person to determine their condition. Assessment - PROCPR.ORG

7. RECOGNIZING EMERGENCIESUsing Your Senses Being able to recognize the warning signs of an emergency can save valuable time in saving someone's life. Unusual Noises: Sounds or noises that you normally do not hear or recognize. Examples: screaming, crashing sounds, gun shots, unrecognizable sounds. Unusual Odors: Odors that are out of the ordinary or unrecognizable. Examples: smoke, gasoline, natural gas, chemicals.

8. RECOGNIZING EMERGENCIESUsing Your Senses Unusual Sights: Objects (NOT PEOPLE) that are out of place. Examples: downed power lines, overturned objects in the house, car running on the side of the road, trail of blood. Unusual Appearance/Behavior: People acting strange or differently than normal. Examples: unconscious, erratic behavior, clutching chest or grabbing throat.

9. Good Samaritan Law • 1. Gives legal protection to people who gratuitously provide emergency care to ill or injured persons. **You must act in a reasonable and prudent manner. • 2. A reasonable and prudent manner would be defined as: A. Moving a victim if his/her life was in danger B. Asking a conscious victim for permission/consent before providing further care C. Check for life-threatening conditions before providing further care D. Calling 911 or other local emergency number E. Continue to provide care until more highly trained personnel arrive • Good Samaritan Laws were developed to encourage people to help others in emergency situations. They require that the “Good Samaritan” use common sense and a reasonable level of skill, not to exceed the scope of the individual’s training in emergency situations.

10. Getting Consent Actual consent: verbal permission given by the victim to receive help from a citizen responder. Implied consent: automatic permission to help an unconscious victim who is in need of medical attention.

11. Barriers to ActionReasons Why You Would Not Want To Help Someone In An Emergency Situation • Presence of other people • Uncertainty that emergency really exists • Uncertainty about victim • Nature of injury or illness • Fear of catching a disease • Fear of doing something wrong • Fear of being sued

12. Barriers to Action Video • http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/five-fears-part-1

13. Do Now: Think, Pair, Share What are some ways individuals can choke? (What causes choking?) How can you recognize someone is choking? What is the general “universal signal” that someone may use to represent they are choking? Reflect with someone next to you about a time you were choking or witnesses another individual choking and what happened during that situation.

14. Choking - • Choking occurs when a foreign object becomes lodged in the throat or windpipe, blocking the flow of air. • Universal Signal is two hands clutching the neck.

15. Mechanics of Choking

16. Signs and Symptoms of Choking • Gasping for breath • Coughing • Wheezing • Reddish-purple coloration • Bulging eyes • Inability to speak • Panic • Universal Signal

17. Abdominal Thrusts = Heimlich Maneuver • Dr. Henry Heimlich – A chest surgeon who noticed many people were dying from choking. • Noticed that surgery would take too long so had to come up with another idea. • Heimlich Maneuver – using the air inside the lungs to forcefully push the choking object out of the airway. (Upward thrust into the diaphragm.) – Kids to adults age 1 and up. • Began using this since 1974.

18. Steps For a Conscious Choking Victim Ask the victim if they are choking if the victim is coughing encourage them to continue to cough it may dislodge the object. If the victim cannot cough or speak have someone call 9-1-1. Give 5 Abdominal Thrusts Repeat until the object the person is choking on is forced out and person breathes or coughs on his or her own.

19. Abdominal Thrusts • Abdominal Thrusts- are a series of thrusts to the abdomen that force air from the lungs to dislodge an object. **The method of giving thrusts is different for adults, children and infants**

20. How to Perform Abdominal Thrusts • Stand behind the victim with one leg in between the victim’s legs and wrap your arms around the victim’s waist. • Make a fist with one hand and place the thumb side of the fist into the victim’s abdomen, above the belly button and below the ribcage and grab your fist with the other hand. • Apply pressure inward and up towards the victims diaphragm in one smooth motion. • Keep performing these abdominal thrusts until the object is dislodged or the victim becomes unconscious.

21. Pop Quiz Adult Choking Pop Quiz

22. Links to Training Resources http://www.procpr.org/en/training https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/?search=y&getfields=subject.description&q=choking&site=kh&client=ms_p_en&output=xml_no_dtd&gsaRequestId=7457070404200936186&filter=0&WT.ac=msh-p-dtop-en-search&kh-search-lang-select=eng

23. Conscious Adult & Child Choking Videos • Adult http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/conscious-adult-choking • Child http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/conscious-child-choking

24. When an Infant is Choking Place the victim face down on your forearm and upper leg Support the victim’s head by placing your hand around the lower jaw and chest Use the heel of your other hand and give 5 back blows to the back between the shoulder blades Place the victim on their back with the head on a downward angle on your upper leg Press 2 fingers in the center of the breast bone and give 5 thrusts If the object does not dislodge repeat the cycle. ***Once the object is out, the victim may still need recovery breaths***

25. When an Infant is Choking

26. Conscious Infant Choking Video • Infant http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/conscious-infant-choking

27. Do Now: Think, Pair, ShareSpecial Situations • What would you do if you were all alone and choking? • How would you give chest thrusts to a pregnant woman? • How would you give chest thrusts to an individal in a wheel chair?

28. Can you give yourself abdominal thrusts if you are choking and your alone? YES! • Make a fist with one hand and place it above the belly button and below the ribcage, then grab your fist with the other hand • Give yourself quick abdominal thrusts, by applying pressure inward and up • Repeat until the object is dislodged

29. Special Situations

30. Rescue Breathing If victim becomes unconscious from choking but still has a pulse. Steps for Rescue Breathing: Check for breathing no longer than 10 seconds. (Look, Listen, Feel) Look – Chest rising Listen – Cheek close to nose/mouth trying to hear “breathing noises” Feel - Cheek close to nose/mouth trying to feel breathing on your cheek. Tilt head and lift chin, then pinch nose shut. Take a breath and make a complete seal over the person’s mouth. Blow in and make the chest clearly rise. Each rescue breath should last about one second. Give two rescue breaths.

31. Rescue Breathing Videos • Adult http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/adult-rescue-breathing • Child http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/child-rescue-breathing • Infant http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/infant-rescue-breathing

32. Infant – Brachial Artery Adult or Child – Carotid Artery Finding a PulseNo more then a 10 second check!!!!!

33. Unconscious Choking Videos • If dealing with choking victim, must check mouth to see if object becomes dislodged. If not, continue with abdominal thrusts while victim is lying down. • Adult http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/unconscious-adult-choking • Child http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/unconscious-child-choking • Infant http://www.procpr.org/en/training_video/unconscious-infant-choking

34. Do Now: Think, Pair, Share • Describe how you would help out a choking victim who is pregnant. • Describe how you would help yourself if you were alone and choking. • When would you use rescue breathing on an individual?

35. Be extra careful when eating certain foods that are easy to choke on. They include things like: hot dogs, nuts, grapes, raw carrots, popcorn, and hard or gooey candy. Sit down, take small bites, and don't talk or laugh with your mouth full! Don’t be physically active with food in your mouth! Look out for the little guys — and girls. Babies and toddlers love to put things in their mouths, so help keep them safe by picking up anything off the floor that might be dangerous to swallow — like deflated balloons, pen caps, coins, beads, and batteries. Keep toys with small parts out of reach, and never share your food or candy with a baby unless an adult says it's OK. Prevention of Choking

36. QUIZ AND TEST ON CHOKING Note study guide