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A Generation Utilities’ Experience with Generator Stability Model Validation Testing

A Generation Utilities’ Experience with Generator Stability Model Validation Testing. Ontario Power Generation Joel Barton. Generator Stability Model Validation Testing. History of Ontario Control Area Process Lessons Learned. History Ontario Control Area.

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A Generation Utilities’ Experience with Generator Stability Model Validation Testing

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  1. A Generation Utilities’ Experience with Generator Stability Model Validation Testing Ontario Power Generation Joel Barton

  2. Generator Stability Model Validation Testing • History of Ontario Control Area • Process • Lessons Learned

  3. History Ontario Control Area • 1906 to 99 - Ontario Hydro, The original vertically integrated utility (+PUC’s&IPP’s) • April 1999 – Ontario Hydro “Demerger”1. IMO (Independent System Operator or ISO), 2. Hydro One (Transmitter), 3. OPG (Generator),4. Ont. Hydro Financial Corporation (Debt Co.)5. Electrical Inspection Authority • May 1st 2002 - Market Opening Generation Utilities' Experience...

  4. How we managed? • Before 1999 – Vertically Integrated Utility, Ontario Hydro Generation Utilities' Experience...

  5. How things worked Before 1999– Vertically Integrated Utility • Ontario Control Area – Managed by Ontario Hydro • Reliability Compliance Process • Managed and Performed by Ontario Hydro • Some Guidelines passed down via NERC / NPCC • Most Procedures internally Developed & Performed • Reliability Compliance Activities • Modelling of System • Central planning of System • Setting & Re-verification Protection Systems • Setting & Testing of Generation Control systems Generation Utilities' Experience...

  6. How we managed? • Before 1999 – Vertically Integrated Utility • 99 to April 2002 – Transition to Open Market Generation Utilities' Experience...

  7. IMO Activities 1999 to April 2002– Preparations for Open Market IMO Accountable for: • Market Structure, • Market Rules & Regulations: these R&R state the following Technical Compliance Requirements: 1. Gathering of Equipment Data for Ratings (Such Generator VAR Capability and Ramping Rates), Settings (Generator Protection and Controls) and Models (Generator Governor, Exciter and Stabilizer Models in PTI and IEEE format (Required for System Modelling),2. Gather Protection and Control equipment settings and testing schedules are acceptable to NPCC and NERC for Ontario Control Area (which includes the Stability Model Validation of the Generator Controls –Governor, Exciters and Stabilizers),3. System Limits, 4. Regulate System Development (variant of Central Planning Function done by Ontario Hydro they grant permission of Connection and Disconnection Equipment) • Registration of all Market Participants (Generators, Transmitters, Transmission Customers, Load-Serving Entities, Power Marketers) • Outage Authority for System Impactive Equipment • Operating Market including Managing Reliability and Supply/Demand Balancing when market is open Generation Utilities' Experience...

  8. OPG Activities 1999 to April 2002 – Preparations for Open Market OPG Accountable for: • Generation Assets of Former Ontario Hydro • To IMO (Our Independent System Operator or ISO) the following Technical Compliance Requirements in the Market Rules and Regulations: 1. Submission of Equipment Data for Ratings (Such Generator VAR Capability and Ramping Rates), Setting (Generator Protection and Controls) and Models (Generator Governor, Exciter and Stabilizer Models in PTI and IEEE format (Required for System Modelling),2. Submission of Protection and Control equipment settings and testing schedules are acceptable to NPCC and NERC for Ontario Control Area (which includes the Stability Model Validation of the Generator Controls –Governor, Exciters and Stabilizers),3. Registration of Equipment with IMO4. Compliance with all Market Rules and Regulations (which includes Testing of Equipment) • To Hydro One (owner of Transmission Asset) the following Technical Compliance Requirements in the Ontario Transmission System Code: 1. Submission of Equipment Data2. Submission of Protection and Control equipment settings and testing schedules are acceptable to Ontario Transmission System Code3. Sign Transmission (Distribution for Small Generators) Connection Agreements with Hydro One Generation Utilities' Experience...

  9. How we managed? • Before 1999 – Vertically Integrated Utility • 99 to April 2002 – Transition to Open Market • April 2002 to Present – Learn to operate in Open Market Environment Generation Utilities' Experience...

  10. OPG Activities April 2002 to Now • Maintenance of existing data • Manage requests to replace existing equipment and add new equipment (most difficult part of these requests is making OPG employees aware of requirements for IMO and Hydro One) • Testing of Equipment Continues (which includes the Stability Model Validation of the Generator Controls –Governors, Exciters and Stabilizers) • Outages Requests are normally the most difficult part of both testing and replace/new equipment commissioning • Outage Requests are delayed for a number of reasons: capacity shortages, other outage requests, insufficient information on schedule, insufficient outages process to facilitate testing schedule, testing does not go as scheduled Generation Utilities' Experience...

  11. Data Management • Access Database(“locked” for security reasons with single point of data entry) • Developed by a single group for large corporation to have consistency and single point of contact for outside of organization entities. • Distribute Data and/or accessible of all users with a vested interest and get their buy-in to keeping records up to date • Ensure process for continued management and support of records Generation Utilities' Experience...

  12. Testing Logistics • Schedule all asset for Generator Stability Model Validation Testing on a 5 year plan to align with the IMO/NPCC/NERC testing cycle • Do in a smooth co-ordinated fashion for work-force and dollar management Generation Utilities' Experience...

  13. Outage Management • Set schedule for outage request submission that the regulator approves • Unfortunately, regulator approval or cancellation of testing outage not given to just before start of testing events • Small and medium generator testing (10-100MVA units) outages easier since revenue metering point is normally an aggregate point of multiple units and testing output of unit can be managed behind the aggregate point so that consistent output to the regulator • Large generator testing difficult since must bid test schedule to the regulator • For large generator with long testing outages (that is – weeks in length) bid self-scheduling to the regulator. Generation Utilities' Experience...

  14. Equipment changes and commission outages • Defined approval schedule for submission to regulator that must be adhered to • Awareness of the above defined schedule with project staff initially a problem • Awareness of data requirements to meet Market Rules and Regulations • Awareness of Equipment Rating Capability requirements to meet Market Rules and Regulations (new or replacement equipment needed to meet the rules) Generation Utilities' Experience...

  15. To Facilitate and SupportTechnical Compliance Process • De-centralize responsibility Technical Compliance to plants so they have vested interest in getting work done • Have central support and co-ordinating group to assist plants staff Technical Compliance • Plan testing and reporting centrally to deal with regulator and other entities, since plant staff are busy running the plants. Generation Utilities' Experience...

  16. How we managed? • Before 1999 – Vertically Integrated Utility • 99 to April 2002 – Transition to Open Market • April 2002 to Present – Learn to operate in Open Market Environment • Future – Improve Testing Process Generation Utilities' Experience...

  17. Outage Management for Future Testing • Hopefully Fourth Quarter of 2003 De-rate Slip for Testing of Large Units • All Market Participant on board with concept Generation Utilities' Experience...

  18. On-line Testing • Passive testing, instead of active outage based testing • Could be in the forms of: temporary connected equipment that measures records as system as small fluctuations or permanent installed equipment if it is economical to install, also encourage manufacturers consider built in on-line testing equipment in new designs Generation Utilities' Experience...

  19. How we managed? • Before 1999 – Vertically Integrated Utility • 99 to April 2002 – Transition to Open Market • April 2002 to Present – Learn to operate in Open Market Environment • Future – Improve Testing Process • Lessons Learned Generation Utilities' Experience...

  20. Lessons Learned • Data management system is important – electronic data storage system, copies of data should be accessible by all users who have vested interest (production, project and technical staff), security of data critical, intranet based if possible • Company Awareness of Market Requirements is important and the accompanying support/understanding of Management (explanation in simple English works best with management) • Company Awareness of dollar benefits of testing is important (unfortunately, the best model to analyze cost/benefit of testing is insurance policy, that is, normally the only time a benefit is realized is when something bad happens, otherwise testing is another “small’ cost of doing business) • Discovery of problems when testing equipment is important since protects the assets and should eliminate liability/non-compliance issues with regulator Generation Utilities' Experience...

  21. Continued - Lessons Learned • Planning in co-ordinated fashion is important for work-load managing, alignment with NPCC/NERC testing cycle (5 year cycle) and Dollar managing • Determine Minimum size exception for testing of Generator (typically 10 MVA) varies with impactiveness of generator within the local electrical system • Develop On-line testing methodology and procedures if possible • Encourage manufacturers to build-in testing capability into their equipment and event recording equipment Generation Utilities' Experience...

  22. Acknowledgements • Kestrel Power EngineeringRoger Berube, Les Hajagos • Ontario Power GenerationGord Haines Generation Utilities' Experience...

  23. Contact - Joel Barton Telephone: (905) 357-0322 X3989 Email: joel.barton@opg.com Address: Ontario Power GenerationSir Adam Beck #1, Generation Station14000 Niagara ParkwayRR #1 Niagara on the Lake, Ont. CanadaL0S 1J0 Generation Utilities' Experience...

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