RC10, ISA 2014 July 14, Yokohama Yamada Shuji , Bunkyo University

1. Japanese Challenges Towards the Sustainable Society--the Recovering Process from the Earthquake and Tsunami, and Establishing New Industrial Relations-- RC10, ISA 2014 July 14, Yokohama Yamada Shuji, Bunkyo University

2. Abstract • Re-integrate organizations and accelerate participation • Narrative and performance based activities • the serious earthquakes and tsunami in 2011 • Japanese society had been damaged • the accidents of Fukushima nuclear power plant are still on-going • Why is it slow? • Cooperation of concerning organizations • Cooperative mind

3. two distinctive changes • for new Japanese organizational features • at a municipality and a community level • new organizational relations or conditions • excellent collaboration between fishermen and NPOs in Iwate prefecture • a NPO is proposing a cooperation activities • understand each philosophy of work • Citizens’ deliberation, mainly in Chigasaki city, Kanagawa • citizens’ participation toward local administrations • reconstructing community

4. Available Collaboration? • Good collaboration • Available New Organization Model? • among/between Economic, Political (Administrative) and Civic level • Backgrounds • Impact of East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami • Strong request for reforming our society • Recovery process • Can we have new integration model(s)? • Beyond market, political and citizens’ failure? • Trigger and process? • Narrative/Story’s function? • Fruitful results?

5. Narrative Integrationsocial function of Narrative/Story • Polkinghorne(1988) • Social function of narrative • Basic system for making our experiences meaningful • Organizing and Ordering (and Giving a meaning to) our experiences • To change our life meaningful • Noie(1996) • Language system for handing down and sharing our experiences • Shared experiences • Experiences of community • Integration through Narrative (communication) • How and why? • Perform and communicate

6. Why narrative/story? • Communicational activities • Declare claim(s) • Aggregation: common claim or request • Explain reason(s)（contents of the discussion） • Relevant reasons • Relevant interests • Explain feeling(s) • Sympathy / Empathy • Cognitive and normative explanations • How can we do? • Experience(s) for communicational activities

7. Disasters in March 2011 on Newspaper • Natural Disaster • Earthquakeand Tsunami • East Japan Earthquake • M8.8 (12/Mar., Asahi Shimbun) • Destruction in Tohoku Coastal area • Estimated deceased will be more than 10 thousand (14/Mar.) • Social Disaster • Accident at Fukushima Nuclear Power plant of TEPCO (Tokyo Electric Power Company) • Explosion in Fukushima • Explosion at Fukushima NPP (13/Mar.) • Leak of radioactivity(15/Mar.)

8. Case Study 1 • Sanriku-town, Ofunato city, Iwate prefecture Sanriku town

9. Summary of this case • Mutual understanding and cooperating process • Cleavage between fishermen and leisure divers • Earthquake and Tsunami as a trigger • Volunteer activity: clean-up under water • Step for Dialogue -- watching the activity • Communication: understanding through narrative • Cooperating deeply • Accelerate recovering process • Performance and Communication

10. Case Study 2 • Citizens’ Deliberation • in Tokyo • in Chigasaki city etc. • More than 300 times • Aims • New participatory culture • Sufficient communication • Utilize to decision-making • Citizens’ Deliberation • almost same as “Planunkszelle”, “Planning Cells” • collaboration between local government and Junior Chamber (JC) Association • propagated by JC since 2005 • 2 styles • opinion collection • opinion integration

11. Deliberation process • picked 800 citizens • Around 8% agreed to join • 36 joined, selected by ballot • 6 persons / 6 groups • 1 day / 2-3 discussion • experts’ information • Around 15-20 min. • group discussion • 60 min each • Decide a leader by group members • without facilitators • with scribe staffs (students) • report session • 5 min each • leader’s explanation • evaluation of the reports • by all participants

12. Comments on the case • very shocking disaster • explaining many fears • earthquake, tsunami, radioactivity, volcanic activity, energy supply, daily foods etc. • autonomous? • still dependent onto local government • local government always (and have to) take care for all • “waiting” attitudes • decision-making through deliberation? • less experience to discuss • no formal process in local governmental level • sense of “our problems” from “my problems” • some changes • need methods against natural disasters • awareness of “citizen” • needs for collaboration • needs for common goals • time for system change • participation • collaboration • deliberation • decision-making • merits of citizens’ deliberation • experiences • rules and limits • issue oriented • mutual understanding

13. Tentative Summary of Deliberation • Trigger • Earthquake and Tsunami • good chance for improving social system • many citizens’ activities • volunteer, donation, mental care, accept evacuated family, prevention etc. • Educational meaning • Deliberation method helps citizens’ discussion • Common sense of problems • Role of citizen • Mutual understanding • Chance to collaborate • Understanding the importance of issues

14. findings • How the narrative works • Good lesson and good experiences for citizens • collaboration, discussion • Stimulus experiences • re-think our daily life • Informal rules • for cooperation • Relief situation • through providing information • reasonable results • understandable& explicit importance(s) • Cooperative mind • Making common goals • Shared resources to cooperate • as “local commons” • Performance based communication • Preparing process to discuss • Communication patterns • Performance based • Non verbal communication • Discussion based • Verbal communication • Limitations • Only 2 selected cases • Confirm traditional saying • Traditional methods are still functional

15. ありがとうございました Thank you for your listening