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Network Topology

Network Topology. LAN (Local Area Network) A group of computers and associated devices (printers, etc.) connected through a wired or wireless medium by networking devices (hubs, switches, routers) administered by a single organization. Use protocol for communication.

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Network Topology

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  1. Network Topology RD-CSY1017

  2. LAN (Local Area Network) A group of computers and associated devices (printers, etc.) connected through a wired or wireless medium by networking devices (hubs, switches, routers) administered by a single organization. Use protocol for communication Review : Computer Network RD-CSY1017

  3. Link Access - Connecting computers on Network Two types of physical connections: • Dedicated or Point-to-point • Direct connection between two computers • Shared • Multiple computers share the media RD-CSY1017

  4. Advantages Each network connection is independent and so can be customised to suit the type of data which it will transport. Disadvantages There are many more connections than there are computers. In practice, point to point is seldom used between more than 2 computers. Point to Point network Point to Point Access Computer A Black links show four connections from computer A to all computers in the network RD-CSY1017

  5. Topology – Connecting to shared medium • Most local area network (LAN) technologies use shared access to medium for computers connected to the LAN. • Topology is the term used to classify a network into a category depending on how it laid out. RD-CSY1017

  6. Network Topologies • Some of the popular network topologies are: • Star Topology • Distributed Star • Bus Topology • Ring Topology • Tree Topology • Mesh • Full Mesh • Partial Mesh RD-CSY1017

  7. Bus Topology • Physical bus topology consists of a trunk (main) cable with only two end points. • Advantage • cost: no hubs are required, and shorter lengths of cable can be used. It is also easy to expand • Disadvantages : ?? RD-CSY1017

  8. Individual computers are connected to a central point, called a hub. Max distance between nodes and hub IS 100 m when UTP cable is used Advantages The failure of a single computer will not affect the rest of the network Disadvantages Hub failure can bring down the network Network prone to bottlenecks Star and Distributed StarTopology RD-CSY1017

  9. Distributed Star • More complex form of the physical star topology, with multiple central connection points connected to form a string of stars. RD-CSY1017

  10. Computers are connected to each other to form a closed loop. Advantages The data carrying capacity of the network is shared by all users Disadvantages Adding and removing computers disrupts the network. cable computer Ring Topology RD-CSY1017

  11. Tree Topology • Also called a "hierarchical" or "star of stars" topology • Nodes are connected in groups of star-configured workstations that branch out from a single "root," • The root node usually controls the network and sometimes network traffic flow. • This topology is easy to extend: when new users need to be added RD-CSY1017

  12. Mesh Topology Full Mesh • Full mesh topology • each node is physically connected to every other node • Full mesh is generally utilized as a backbone where there are few nodes but a great need for fault tolerance • Advantage • Highly fault tolerant: when one node fails, traffic can easily be diverted to other nodes • Disadvantages: ? Partial Mesh RD-CSY1017

  13. Cellular Networks • At the center of any cellular technology is the cellular transceiver, an omni-directional antenna whose range projects a circular "footprint." This footprint is the "cell" that gives cellular technology its name • As the cellular user moves from one cell to another, the user's signal is transferred from one antenna to another RD-CSY1017

  14. What factors will influence choice of Topology • ? • ? • ? • ? RD-CSY1017

  15. Task: Using Virtual Machines • Click on VM Workstation symbol on your desktop Start a virtual machine as follows: Group 1 (Tues. 9-11) : 1017-01 Group 2 (Tues. 11-1) : 1017-02 Group 3 (Wed. 11.30-1.30) : 1017-03 Username and password are same e.g.: username:1017-01, password:1017-01 Use CTRL-alt keys to toggle between main machine and virtual machine. RD-CSY1017

  16. VM machine • You have complete admin rights on VM • Please use the same PC for next few weeks • All tasks will be performed on this virtual machines • When installing a software on VM, • PLEASE DO NOT USE C:\ drive, • click browse button to select E:\ drive RD-CSY1017

  17. Task: Check IP address of your VM? RD-CSY1017

  18. Task: • Set up a network using following Topologies • Star • Distributed Star • Point-to-point • Tree • Refer to your task sheet for details RD-CSY1017

  19. Documentation • All sections on the sheet should be completed, including observation and reflection, before posting it on your blog. RD-CSY1017

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