1 / 15

Pneumatics

Pneumatics . Module – 4: Single Acting Cylinder. Module Objectives. Explain the main types of pneumatic actuators. Explain the function of single acting cylinder. Describe the main types of controlling single acting cylinder.

wilmet
Download Presentation

Pneumatics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Pneumatics Module – 4: Single Acting Cylinder

  2. Module Objectives • Explain the main types of pneumatic actuators. • Explain the function of single acting cylinder. • Describe the main types of controlling single acting cylinder. • Explain the difference between the direct control and indirect control of single acting cylinder. • Draw the required circuit diagram. • Simulate the pneumatic circuit using FluidSIM software.

  3. Introduction • Pneumatic actuators are used to produce the required forces in the pneumatic systems. • Types of Pneumatic Actuators: LINEAR ROTARY Single Acting Air Motors Double Acting Rotary Actuators

  4. Single Acting Cylinder • Single acting cylinder (SAC) is an output device. • The function of the SAC is to convert the pressure energy to mechanical energy (linear motion). • In single acting cylinder, the forward stroke is achieved by the compressed air, while the backward stroke is achieved by the spring. • Thus the single acting cylinder produces the work in only one direction (forward stroke).

  5. Single Acting Cylinder

  6. Control Circuit for the single-acting cylinder • The piston rod of a single-acting cylinder is to advance when a push button is operated. When the push button is released, the piston is to automatically return to the initial position. • A 3/2-way valve controls the single-acting cylinder. The valve switches from the initial position into the flow position, when the push-button actuator is pressed.

  7. Example

  8. Types of control of a pneumatic cylinder

  9. Direct Control • The simplest level of control for the single or double-acting cylinder involves direct control signals. • With this, the cylinder is actuated directly via a manually or mechanically actuated valve, without any intermediate switching of additional directional control valves. • If the port sizes and the flow values of the valve are too large, the operating forces required may be too great for direct manual operation. • Reference Values: 1) Cylinder with piston diameter smaller than 40 mm 2) Valves with connection sizes smaller than 1/4"

  10. InDirect Control • Cylinders with a large piston diameter have a high air requirement. • A control element with high nominal flow rate must be used to actuate these. If the force should prove too high for a manual actuation of the valve, then an indirect actuation should be constructed, whereby a signal is generated via a second smaller valve, which will provide the force necessary to switch the control element.

  11. Notes • The actuation of a cylinder is effected via a directional control valve. The choice of such a directional control valve (number of connections, number of switching positions, and type of actuation) is dependent on the respective application. • The advancing speed and the retracting speed are different in the single acting cylinder because the piston reset spring creates a counteracting force when advancing. When retracting, the displaced air escapes via the valve. A flow resistance must therefore be overcome. • Normally, single-acting cylinders are designed in such a way that the advancing speed is greater than the retracting speed.

  12. Practical Task 1 • A single-acting cylinder with a large piston diameter is to clamp a work piece following actuation of a push button. The cylinder is to retract once the push button is released.

  13. Solution 1

  14. Solution Description • In the initial position, the single-acting cylinder 1A is retracted. • A spring return 3/2-way valve is used to actuate the cylinder. Connection 1 of the valve 1V is closed; connection 2 is exhausted to atmosphere via connection 3. • The valve 1S is actuated when the push button is activated and pressure is applied to the control port 12 of the control valve 1V. • The control valve 1V is actuated against spring force and is thus switched to flow. • The pressure building up at the cylinder piston causes the cylinder piston rod of the single-acting cylinder to extend. • The signal at the control port 12 remains as long as the push button is operated. Once the piston rod has reached end position, it returns only after the push button has been released. • When the push button is released, the valve 1S returns to its initial position. Control port 12 of the control valve 1V exhausts to atmosphere and the signal is reset. The control valve also returns to initial position. The return spring causes the cylinder to retract. The air from the cylinder chamber is exhausted to atmosphere via the control valve.

  15. Review Exc.

More Related