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Glaciers

Learn about the powerful agents of erosion, including glaciers, and how they shape the land through processes of erosion and deposition. Discover the two types of glaciers, continental and valley glaciers, and the landforms they create. Explore concepts such as plucking, till deposition, moraines, and kettles.

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Glaciers

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  1. Glaciers Changing Earth’s Surface

  2. 5 Agents of Erosion • Gravity • Running Water • Glaciers • Waves • Wind

  3. Glaciers • Glacier – any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land. • Two Types • Continental • Valley

  4. Continental Glaciers • A glacier that covers much of a continent or large island.

  5. Ice Age • Continental glaciers have covered larger parts of Earth’s surface.

  6. Valley Glaciers • A long, narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice build up high in a mountain valley.

  7. Valley Glaciers • Once the depth of the snow and ice reaches more than 30-40 meters, gravity begins to pull the glacier downhill.

  8. Valley Glaciers • Rate – a few centimeters to a few meters per day.

  9. Glaciers Shape the Land • Erosion • Deposition

  10. Glacial Erosion • Plucking – the process by which a glacier picks up rocks as it flows over the land.

  11. Glacial Deposition • When a glacier melts, it deposits the sediment it eroded from the land, creating various landforms.

  12. Till • The mixture of sediment that a glacier deposits directly on the surface. • Clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders

  13. Deposition Landforms • Moraine • The till deposited at the edges of a glacier forms a ridge. • Terminal Moraine • The ridge of till at the farthest point reached by a glacier • Long Island NY is a terminal moraine from the last ice age.

  14. Deposition Landforms • Kettle • A small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacial till. • Kettles often fill with water. Many found in Minnesota

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