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AGENDA. Review Simulation- BAFA-BAFA Cultural Etiquette of Communication Video- A class Divided Discussion. CHAPTER 5. Learning the Cultural Etiquette of Communication. 1. Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding. 1.1 Degree of Directness
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AGENDA Review Simulation- BAFA-BAFA Cultural Etiquette of Communication Video- A class Divided Discussion
CHAPTER 5 Learning the Cultural Etiquette of Communication
1. Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding 1.1 Degree of Directness Getting straight to the point: USA Small talk before business at hand
Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding (Cont) 1.2 Appropriate Subjects Personal versus private matters: E.g. price of one’s house, clothing, cost of house, grades, and pay
Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding (Cont) 1.3 Facial Expression and Eye Contact Direct eye contact: Showing attention (USA) and disrespect (African) No eye contact- Hiding something(USA)
Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding (Cont) 1.4 Touch Women: Woman initiates handshake- British Light hug and 3 kisses from cheek to cheek- French Firmer hug and one kiss on cheek- USA Kiss directly on mouth-: South Africa
Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding (Cont) 1.5 Loudness of Pitch -Speaking louder: Americans, Africans - Speaking softly- Europeans
Its more than Language: Cultural Sources of Misunderstanding (Cont) 1.7 Silence -Silence avoidance: USA -Silence appreciation- Japanese
2. Dealing with Frustration of not Being Understood 2.1 Speaking louder-being heard vs. not being understood 2.2 Repeating self-even using same words not understood 2.3 Getting angry and or frustrated
3. Assumptions that Get Us into Trouble 3.1 They are talking about me: assumption that if they are talking another language they are talking about you 3.2 They do not want to learn my language: assuming resistance towards own language 3.3 They know my language they just don’t want to use it. Assuming bad intentions
4. Communicating with People With Limited Command of the Language 4.1 Make it visual -Use pictures and diagrams 4.2. Show and tell Demonstrate 4.3 Use the other listener’s language 4.4 Take it Easy -Slow down
Communicating with People With Limited Command of the Language (Cont) 4.5 Keep it simple -Avoid jargon -Use simple language -Be careful not to be too simple to insult 4.6 Say it Again -Repeat using different words with same meaning
Communicating with People With Limited Command of the Language (Cont) 4.7 Assume Confusion Assume that you will not be understood Watch for non-verbal behaviors 4.8 Get Help 4.9 Empathy Place yourself in the position of the listener
Communicating with People With Limited Command of the Language (Cont) 4.10 Smile but do not laugh -Laughing can embarrass and even hurt listener
5. Calling People What they Want to Be Called Use what the affected people prefer Avoid terms whose meaning you do not understand Do not use generic names Note that not all members may prefer same Term Be aware that terms may change over time
6. Communicate Your Expectations To ensure that clarity of purpose, goals, procedures, rewards etc, make sure employees know what you expect Exercise: Expected Employee Behaviors Checklist p121
7. Conflict -Does occur in any culture -Generally undesirable in all societies -Tendency to avoid dealing with it
8. Cultural Norms Affecting Conflict in diverse Environment Conflict seen as disruptive to harmony e.g., Thai, Vietnamese, Filipino Conflict As Risk of Loss of Face- e.g., Latino, Middle East
Cultural Norms Affecting Conflict in diverse Environment (Cont) 3. Cultural Differences in Communication Styles 4. Conflict interpreted as Prejudice and Discrimination
Model of Cultural Synergy (Nancy Adler) Define problem from both points of view Identify how problem is defined from the different cultural views 2. Uncover Cultural Interpretations -What assumptions are made from each person’s cultural programming? 3. Create Cultural Synergy -Win-win solution
Suggestions To Achieve Cultural Synergy Use indirect approach Emphasize harmony
Suggestions To Achieve Cultural Synergy (Cont.) Clarify cultural influences -Make parties aware of cultural the different programming involved Work with informal leader -Seek help from respected group members
Suggestions To Achieve Cultural Synergy (Cont.) 5. Be Specific & Explicit -Identify specific behaviors & situations 6. Be Honest With Yourself Recognize own actions & behaviors
Suggestions To Achieve Cultural Synergy (Cont.) 7. Find out about conflict resolution in cultures of concerned individuals 8. Avoid cornering any of the parties involved
Suggestions To Achieve Cultural Synergy (Cont.) 9. Capitalize on Relationships -Identify past good relations 10. Respect all parties concerned