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Chapter 11 International Investing. Benefits Of International Investing. Portfolio Risk Reduction Enhancement of Portfolio Expected Return Essentially Riskless Investment Opportunities. 1996 World Stock Markets. Risk Reduction With International Diversification. % Risk. 100 80 60 40
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Benefits Of International Investing • Portfolio Risk Reduction • Enhancement of Portfolio Expected Return • Essentially Riskless Investment Opportunities
Risk Reduction With International Diversification % Risk 100 80 60 40 20 0 U.S. Stocks International Stocks 11.7 1 10 20 30 Number of Stocks
Currency Risk • Weaker $ Enhances Return • Of U.S. investors abroad • Eliminate Currency Risk • Hedging • Forward transactions
Foreign Exchange Major Influence on the Performance of U.S. Investments Abroad
Efficient Frontier Points Of View For German Investors American Investors Japanese Investors Minimum Variance Portfolio
International Parity Relationships • Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) • International Fisher Relationship (IFR) • Foreign Exchange Expectations (FEE) • Interest Rate Parity (IRP)
PPP • Relationship Between • Inflation • Foreign exchange rates • Estimated Exchange Rates Based • On expected inflation rates • Factors to Consider • Trade cost and barriers • Requires knowing the future inflation differential
IFR • Links Nominal Interest Rates and Inflation Rates in Different Countries • Uses the Expected Inflation Rates to Estimate Exchange Rates
FEE • Identifies the Relationship Between • Current forward exchange rate • Expected foreign exchange rate
IRP • Links Changes in Forward Foreign Exchange Rates and Nominal Interest Rates • No arbitrage
Spot Exchange PPP FEE Linear Relationship Inflation Forward Exchange IFR IRP Interest Rates