Instructional Technology & Design Office itd@support.lis.illinois 217-244-4903 or 800-377-1892

Instructional Technology & Design Office itd@support.lis.illinois.edu 217-244-4903 or 800-377-1892 Beginning Web Design Presented by Laura Miller

Purpose + Learning objectives • Agenda: • Introduction of HTML • Basic code elements • Current code/design standards • Go over file template

Some Things you will need • A code editor • For Macintosh: • Text Wrangler • For Microsoft Windows: • Notepad++ • Some simple-text editors will work (e.g., TextEdit) • A place to put your web page files on the Internet • I: Drive • Google Sites, Wix, Weeble • Web hosting service provider with domain name • You can also view HTML webpage files locally in your favorite web browser.

What is HTML? • HTML = HyperText Markup Language • Tim Berners-Lee created the first version in the late 1980s as a way to share research. HTML became standardized in November 1995 as HTML 2.0. The current standard is HTML5. • World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the international standards organization for the World Wide Web. W3C maintains the standards for HTML, CSS, XML, among many other languages.

Syntax of HTML Each element has three components: • Tags are enclosed in angle brackets – <start tag> </ end tag> • Attributes may be included in the start tag • Content is always placed in between the two tags • <tagname attribute=“value”>content</tagname>

Basic construction of an html document <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> </head> <body> <p>Hello world!</p> </body> </html>

Common HTML Elements

Text Tags • Heading Tags <h1>Heading 1</h1> -<h6>Heading 6</h6> • Used for titles, subtitles to create a hierarchy in the content • Inherent font-size with h1 the largest and h6 the smallest • Don’t skip heading numbers • Paragraph Tag <p>Text text text text </p> • Encompasses big blocks/paragraphs of text. Use a <p></p> for every paragraph/text block

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> </head> <body> <h1>Title of Essay</h1> <p>Name</p> <p>Date</p> <h2>FirstSubtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>FirstParagraph</p> <h2>Second Subtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>Second Paragraph</p> </body> </html>

Lists Unordered Lists : Bullet Pts. <ul> <li>List Item 1</li> <li>List Item 2</li> </ul> Ordered Lists : Numbered <ol> <li>List Item 1</li> <li>List Item 2</li> </ol> Nested Lists <ul> <li>List Item 1</li> <ul> <li>Sub Item 1</li> <li>Sub Item 2</li> </ul> <li>List Item 2</li> </ul> List Item 1 • Sub Item 1 • Sub Item 2 List Item 2

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> </head> <body> <h1>Title of Essay</h1> <p>Name</p> <p>Date</p> <h2>FirstSubtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>FirstParagraph</p> <h2>Second Subtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>Second Paragraph</p> <p>Key Things:</p> <ul> <li>Key Thing 1</li> <li>Key Thing 2</li> </ul> </body> </html>

Links • <a href=“http://www.uiuc.edu”>UIUC</a> • <a href=“../internal/index.html”> Homepage</a> • <a href=“#top”>Go to top</a> • Set by <a name=“top”>This is the top</a>

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> </head> <body> <h1><a name=“top”>Title of Essay</a>/h1> <p><a href=“aboutme.html”>Name</a></p> <p>Date</p> <h2>FirstSubtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>FirstParagraph</p> <h2>Second Subtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>Second Paragraph</p> <p>Key Things:</p> <ul> <li><a href=“http://www.keything.com”>Key Thing 1</a></li> <li>Key Thing 2</li> </ul> <a href=“#top”>Back to Top</a> </body> </html>

Images Almost every website uses images, and a website without images is pretty boring. The <img> tag does not have “content”. It is an empty element. <body> <p>What is the plural of TARDIS?</p> <imgsrc=“tardis.jpg” /> </body> Images as link/anchor: <body> <a href=“../internal/some_file.html”> <imgsrc=“tardis.jpg” /> </a> </body>

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> </head> <body> <h1><a name=“top”>Title of Essay</a>/h1> <p><a href=“aboutme.html”>Name</a></p> <p>Date</p> <imgsrc=“titleimage.jpg” /> <h2>FirstSubtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>FirstParagraph</p> <h2>Second Subtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>Second Paragraph</p> <p>Key Things:</p> <ul> <li><a href=“http://www.keything.com”>Key Thing 1</a></li> <li>Key Thing 2</li> </ul> <a href=“#top”>Back to Top</a> </body> </html>

Comments Comments are a way for you to make notes in your HTML code. They are never shown in the web browser. You can also comment out existing code instead of deleting it. <body> <!–- This is a comment. It is not displayed. --> <p>This text is shown in the web browser.</p> </body> <body> <!–- This comment is temporarily removing this code. <p>This text is shown in the web browser.</p> --> </body>

<Div> element <div> elements allow you to designate containers around elements that you want to control in CSS. IDs <div id=“someDIV”>  </div> Class <div class=“someotherDIV”>  </div>

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> </head> <body> <div id=“top”> • <h1><a name=“top”>Title of Essay</a>/h1> <p><a href=“aboutme.html”>Name</a></p> <p>Date</p> <imgsrc=“titleimage.jpg” /> </div> <h2>FirstSubtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>FirstParagraph</p> <h2>Second Subtitle or Subsection</h2> <p>Second Paragraph</p> <p>Key Things:</p> <div class=“list”> <ul> <li><a href=“http://www.keything.com”>Key Thing 1</a></li> <li>Key Thing 2</li> </ul> </div> </body> </html>

What is CSS? • CSS=Cascading Style Sheet • CSS is used to describe the look and formatting of a markup language, such as HTML. • CSS was developed primarily to allow for a separation of the document content from the document presentation. • Benefits of separating content from presentation: • Improved accessibility • Cleaner webpages • More control over the look of the website • Easier to update

Linking Your css and html <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset=“utf-8”> <title>Hello HTML World</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="theme.css"> </head> <body> <p>Hello world!</p> </body> </html>

CSS rules h1 {color: blue; font-size: 1em; } Selector Declaration Declaration {property: value;} Types of Selectors HTML Elements : h1 Div ID : #id Div Class : .class

Common CSS Declarations Layout Padding {padding: 10px;} Margin {margin-bottom: 10px} Border {border: 1px solid #000;} Background-color {background-color: #efefef;} TEXT Font color {color: #efefef;} Font type {font-family: } Alignment {text-align: center;} {text-align: right;} {text-align: justify;} Indent {text-indent: 50px;} Other Comments /* comment */

@charset "utf-8"; h1 {color: #0000FF; size: 2em; weight: 900; } h2 {border-bottom: 2px solid #0000FF; } p {text-indent: 50px; margin: 5px; } #top { padding-bottom: 10px; } .list { border: 1px solid #000000; }

Browser Tools • Use built-in browser tools to see how sites work: • Ctrl or Command + U will display the source code in most browsers • Right-clicking or Ctrl-clicking and selecting “Inspect Element” will usually reveal the code for a particular object

Validators & Accessibility tools • http://validator.w3.org/ HTML • http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/ CSS • http://fae.cita.uiuc.edu/ Accessibility • http://wave.webaim.org/ Accessibility

Questions, comments, concerns… • Thank you for listening! • GSLIS also offers a HTML workshop via Blackboard Collaborate. • Additional info for learning HTML: • W3C Tutorials • http://www.w3schools.com/css • Lynda Tutorials • http://go.illinois.edu/lynda • Stack Overflow • http://stackoverflow.com/ • Code Academy • http://www.codecademy.com/ • 30 Days to Learn • http://freecourses.tutsplus.com/30-days-to-learn-html-and-css/

Questions, comments, concerns… • Thank you for attending our workshop! • Check out these resources to teach yourself more about web design: urli.st/moo • Contact GSLIS Help Desk: • help@support.lis.illinois.edu • Feedback is always appreciated! • http://go.illinois.edu/itdfeedback

Instructional Technology & Design Office itd@support.lis.illinois 217-244-4903 or 800-377-1892