Blueprint Reading for the Machine Trades, Sixth Edition Unit 16: Weldments

1. Blueprint Reading for the Machine Trades, Sixth Edition Unit 16: Weldments Russ Schultz and Larry Smith PowerPoint presentation created by LaVonne Vichlach

2. Weldments • Created from individual pieces of metal that have been welded together • Almost all metals can be welded-some are easier to work with • Low-carbon can be welded easier than high-carbon • Thin and very thick material require special considerations • Weld drawings have weld symbols

3. Types of Joints

4. Types of Welds • Four basic types of gas and arc welds • Fillet • Groove-named for shape-V(both pieces are beveled), J or U (both pieces J-grooved) • Plug or slot-used when fastening one piece on top of another-eliminate fasteners • Back or backing weld-surface of joints when of groove is used

5. Types of Welds

6. Welding Symbols • Graphical symbols have been established for use on weldments • Symbols are part of ANSI?AWS A2.4-98 sponsored by American Welding Society

7. Reference Line • Reference line forms body of welding symbol • All other elements are placed in designated positions with respect to this line • Arrow is affixed to one end and a tail, when required, is affixed to the other end

8. Reference Line

9. Arrow • Connects the reference line to one side of the weld joint • Side touched by arrowhead becomes known as the arrow side • Opposite side is the other side of the joint • Bevel and J-groove symbols may include double bend in arrow • Arrow is pointing to the member that is to receive the groove

10. Basic Weld Symbols • Symbols designate the type of weld to be performed • Position on the reference line is approximate center-above or below or on both sides of the line

11. Basic Weld Symbols • Symbols below the line designate the weld to be on the arrow side of the joint • Symbols above the line designate the other side of the joint • Symbols on both sides of line indicates weld on both sides of the joint

12. Basic Weld Symbols

13. Standard Location of Elements

14. Supplementary Symbols • Convey additional information relative to the extent of the welding • Where the welding is performed and the contour of the weld • “Weld all around” and “field weld” symbols appear at the end of the reference line-at junction of arrow

15. Supplementary Symbols • Melt–thru symbol is used where 100% joint or member penetration plus reinforcement is required • Contour symbol is placed above or below the weld symbol • Finish symbol is placed above or below the contour symbol

16. Supplementary Symbols • C = chipping • G = grinding • M = machining • R = rolling • H = hammering

17. Supplementary Symbols

18. Dimension • Size of weld appears to the left of the basic weld symbol • Length of weld appears to the right of the symbol • Length followed by dash designates the center-to-center spacing of intermittent welds • Angles of grooves and included angles of countersinks for plug weld appears above or below symbol

19. Tail • Appears on the end of the reference line, opposite the arrow end-whenever a specification, process, or other reference is made in welding symbol • Tail is omitted when no specification, process or references are needed • Specified welding processes will appear in tail of welding symbol as letters • Standard letter designations in chart form

24. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 1. Fillet weld, arrow side

25. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 2. Square groove weld, both sides of the joint

26. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 3. Bevel groove weld, opposite side and melt through

27. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 4. V-groove weld, both sides & machine flush contour

28. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 5. .50 fillet weld, arrow side, field weld

29. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 6. Fillet weld, all around joint, torch brazing

30. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 7. Plug or slot weld, arrow side, 1” Dia, 30° Angle, 4” pitch

31. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 8. Bevel groove & fillet weld, arrow side, fillet weld opposite side, 2” LG, 5” Pitch

32. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 9. U-groove & fillet weld, arrow side w/convex contour & back or backing weld opposite side

33. Welding Symbol Quiz 1 List the weld name, joint side, and other supplementary information for the symbol to the right. 10. J-groove weld opposite side (groove is in right or bottom PC) & back or backing weld arrow side w/flush contour

34. Welding Symbol Exercise Draw the symbol for the letter identified below. For the letter “A.” Fillet weld both sides.

35. Welding Symbol Exercise Draw the symbol for the letter identified below. For the letter “B.” Fillet weld all around.

36. Welding Symbol Exercise Draw the symbol for the letter identified below. For the letter “C.” V-groove weld arrow side, grind flush. Fillet weld opposite side.

37. Welding Symbol Exercise Draw the symbol for the letter identified below. For the letter “D.” J-groove weld both sides, then fillet weld both sides

38. Resistance Welds • Spot • Projection • Seam • Flash • Upset welds

39. Spot Welding • Used for fusing two or more sheets of metal together • Applying pressure by means of electrodes • Pass high current at low voltage through sheets from one electrode to another

40. Projection Welding • Projections are embossed into one of the pieces • Larger electrodes are used that accommodate several welds simultaneously

41. Seam Welding • An adaptation of spot welding • Uses continuously rotating rollers for electrodes • Rollers create a series of overlapping spots as electrodes are automatically turned on and off as they revolve

42. Flash or Upset Welding • Used to join the ends of bars, rods, strips, tubing, etc. • Clamp tow pieces together in fixtures facing each other • Bring ends together and hold them together them under pressure until fusion takes place

43. Resistance Welding Symbols • Spot, seam, flash, and upset weld symbols do not normally have arrow-side or other-side significance-so they are centered on reference line • Projection weld abbreviated RPW • Designate either arrow-side to indicate which piece receives the projection • Standard letter designation for process is included in the tail

44. Resistance Welding

45. Welding Symbol Quiz 2 Resistance projection weld (opposite side receives projection) 1.

46. Welding Symbol Quiz 2 Flash weld 2.

47. Welding Symbol Quiz 2 Resistance seam weld, .25 size 3.

48. Welding Symbol Quiz 2 Resistance spot weld, 700 LB. strength 4.

49. Welding Symbol Quiz 2 Resistance projection weld, arrow side, 500 LB. Strength, 2.00 pitch, Qty 3 5.

50. Welding Symbol Quiz 2 Resistance spot weld, .50 size, 6.00 pitch 6.