The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle

1. The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050

2. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joints • Muscles • Movements

3. Hip Joint • Hip joint (femur and acetabulum of pelvis) • Relatively stable due to: • Bony architecture • Strong ligaments • Large supportive muscles • Hip joint and pelvic girdle work together much like shoulder joint and girdle • Pelvis moves in response to trunk and/or thigh movement • Other bones to consider • Tibia • Fibula • Patella

5. Pelvic Girdle • Pelvic girdle  Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx • Pelvic bones: • Each pelvic bone is made up of three fused bones  ilium, ischium, & pubis • Right & left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by sacrum • Sacrum: • Extends from spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae • Coccyx: • Extends posteriorly from sacrum with 3 fused vertebrae

10. Lateral femoral epicondyle Medial femoral epicondyle Patella Lateral tibial condyle Medial tibial condyle Head of fibula Tibial tuberosity

11. Joints • Hip joint • AKA Acetabular femoral joint • Diarthrodial multiaxial ball and socket • Movements • Planes and axes

12. Joints • Pubic symphisis • Amphiarthrodial cartilagenous joint • Slightly moveable

13. Joints • Sacroiliac joints • Diarthrodial gliding joints • Slightly moveable

14. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joints • Muscles • Movements

15. Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Muscles • Lateral: • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus • Medial: • Adductor brevis • Adductor longus • Adductor magnus • Gracilis • Pectineus

16. Iliopsoas

17. Sartorius

18. Rectus Femoris

19. Tensor Fasciae Latae

20. Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Muscles • Lateral: • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus • Medial: • Adductor brevis • Adductor longus • Adductor magnus • Gracilis • Pectineus

21. Gluteus Maximus

22. Semitendinosus

23. Semimembranosus

24. Biceps Femoris

25. Six Deep External Rotators

26. Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Muscles • Lateral: • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus • Medial: • Adductor brevis • Adductor longus • Adductor magnus • Gracilis • Pectineus

27. Gluteus Medius

28. Gluteus Minimus

29. Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators Muscles • Lateral: • Gluteus medius • Gluteus minimus • Medial: • Adductor brevis • Adductor longus • Adductor magnus • Gracilis • Pectineus

30. Adductor Brevis

31. Adductor Longus

32. Adductor Magnus

33. Pectineus

34. Gracilis

35. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joints • Muscles • Movements

36. Movements • Flexion • Movement of femur straight anteriorly • Extension • Movement of femur straight posteriorly

37. Movements • Abduction • Movement of femur laterally to side away from midline • Adduction • Movement of femur medially toward midline

38. Movements • Horizontal adduction • Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane toward the midline • Horizontal abduction • Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane away from the midline

39. Movements • External rotation • Movement of femur laterally around its long axis away from midline • Internal rotation • Movement of femur medially around its long axis toward midline

40. Movements • Diagonal abduction • Movement of femur in a diagonal plane away from midline of body • Diagonal adduction • Movement of femur in a diagonal plane toward midline of body

41. Movements • Anterior pelvic tilt • Anterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane • Posterior pelvic tilt • Posterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane

42. Movements • Left lateral pelvic tilt • Left pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to right pelvis in frontal plane • Right lateral pelvic tilt • Right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to left pelvis in frontal plane

43. Movements • Left transverse pelvic tilt • Left pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the right in transverse plane • Right transverse pelvic tilt • Right pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the left in transverse plane

44. LINE OF PULL

45. FLEXION • Superior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

48. FLEXION

49. FLEXION • Iliopsoas • Rectus femoris • Sartorius • Tensor fasciae latae • Pectineus

50. EXTENSION • Inferior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane