Integration of Land Administration and SDI to facilitate Spatially Enabled Society

1. Integration of Land Administration and SDI to facilitate Spatially Enabled Society Abbas Rajabifard 22 June 2011

2. Objective of Presentation Explain integration of SDI and land management to support “Spatially Enabled Society” and to face the challenges…

3. Global Issues and Challenges… We are living in an increasingly complex and rapidly changing world….

4. World and Urban Population Growth Developing Countries Developed Countries Least Developed Countries Population (millions) Urban population Rural population (World Bank 2009)

5. Urban Problems Land Compatibility of uses Limited Supply Housing Affordability Poor Housing Infrastructure Limited Infrastructure More pressure Urban Growth Health & Safety Infectious diseases Crimes Transport Traffic Congestion Pollution Water & Waste Contaminated Water Waste disposal Economy Unemployment Poverty & Inflation Environment & Energy Pollution &Global warming Catastrophe

6. Spatial information isan enabling technology/infrastructurefor modern society. It is a critical tool for making informed decisions on key economic, environmental and social issues.

7. Spatial Information can be a unifying medium – linkingsolutionstolocation. User demand has shifted to seeking improvedservicesanddelivery tools. This will be achieved by creating an environment so that we can: Connect Deliver systems, services, businesses, partnerships and link with other industries Locate quality services, standards, frameworks and what users want. people, places, services, businesses and points of interest Services and Delivery Tools

8. Land, People and Sustainability Scarce Resources Population Increase Social Inclusion Climate Change Land Sustainability People Urban Sprawl Vertical Villages Wealth Creation Degraded and Contaminated Land Health and Wellbeing

9. Why do land administration systems need an SDI?

10. Design of LAS, either to improve an existing system or develop a new one, can benefit from improvements in technology. Modern LA needs to make the most of new technologies. Most countries approach bridge building between the silo agencies and their respective information and technical systems by adopting a spatial data infrastructure (SDI) strategy. SDI plays a central role in facilitating a country’s land information infrastructure. LA and Technology

11. The challenge is the relationship between Built (cadastral) andNatural(topographic) Environmental Datasets. Sustainable Development Built Dataset Natural Dataset

12. Land policy Land management Land administration system Cadastre Land parcel Land in Society

13. Spatial enablement of society and government Spatial information policy SDI Spatial Data layers Objects Spatial Information in Society

14. SDI and Land Administration Sustainable Development Economic, Social, Environment Cadastre Data SDI e-Citizenship e-Government Land Administration Functions Land Tenure, Land Value, Land-Use, Land Development Land Policy Framework Land Information Infrastructures Other Data Country Context Institutional Arrangements Topo Dataset Data Integration Interoperability Issues Data Delivery System Data Sharing, …. Incorporating sustainable developmentobjectives into ICT enabled land administration systems

15. SDI Technical Evolution of Land Admin. 1970 1980 1990 2005 2010 Manual Systems Hardcopy Maps and Indexes Computerization DCDB and Indexes Online Land Administration Web enablement eLand Administration Interoperability iLand Spatially Enabled Government and Private Sector

16. …is an integrated, on-line mechanism to deliver spatial data and services and information for applications, better business and policy decision-making, and value-added commercial activities. Components-collection of people, policies, networked datasets and enabling technologies and services. Spatial Data Infrastructure

17. SDI – Technical Components Interoperability Clearinghouse Integration SECURITY AND PRIVACY Data or Metadata Spatial dBase FME DataAccess Data Discovery Metadata Data Dictionary NETWORK SDI

18. Increase effectiveness Better access (reduce barriers) Exploit data better New services Get data on time Avoid duplication of data Increase efficiency Avoid duplication of effort Avoid duplication of infrastructure Commodity access arrangements Implementation – Drivers

19. 1st Generation 2nd Generation Towards the Next Generation Developed Countries Emerging Economies Developing Countries Developed, Emerging and Developing Countries Delivery of a Virtual Environment in support of spatial enablement of society 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2008 Future Process Based SDI development model Product-Based SDI development model National/Federal Government Influence – Data Focus National, Sub-national Govt. and Private Sector Influence – Process Focus Sub-national Govt. and Private Sector Influence – Strategic National focus Continuum of SDI Development

20. SES

21. Geocoded property addresses Owners’ contact address Drainage Supported Functions for Key Government and Business Activities Mortgages Utilities Hydrology Heritage Water license Business licenses Soil Transport Parcel Owners’ addresses Use, condition and zoning Spatial & Non-Spatial Data Restricted sites Policy making Land development & planning Transactions management Activity management Emergency management Land valuation & taxation Provision of utilities & services Transport and access Farming & resource management Disclosure of restrictions Enabling Technology Geology Property Burglary risks Topographic reference data sets Landform (DTM) DCDB Rates Geographic names register Administrative boundaries Web Enabled Access Resources Business entities Climate Body corporate rules and responsibilities Location Based Platforms Habitat Boundaries Satellite images Photogrammetric control archive Spatial Data Infrastructures SDIs Estates and interests Owners’ names Topographic map archive Aerial photos Access Residents and or occupiers Image data Geographic Names

22. Land Admin, SDI and SES 1. Multipurpose Cadastre (German style) 2. Title or deeds tenure style cadastres Better decision making 3. Taxation driven cadastre (Latin /Spanish / French) SDI Mapping agencies and other data providers Land management paradigm Spatially enabled government Land data engines… Tenure Value Use Development Incorporating: Land policy Spatially enabled LAS Services to business and public Country context Sustainable development - Economic - Environmental - Social - Governance Parcels Properties Buildings Roads Integrated functions

23. …… GSDI, Digital Earth, Global Map, UNSD Silo problem SES & SDI SEG & SES, Governance SES Governance Benchmarking Financing SES development strategies and models SES Road map SES concept and principles Spatial data management Development of appropriate policy Web delivery services Managing RRRs Visualisation SES assessment models Custodianship, collaboration and institutional arrangements Spatial data: importance and challenges Capacity building Interoperability Related initiatives & issues Concepts & Principals Open Systems and Network Data catalogue Policy and privacy issues Metadata Partnerships Institutional & Access and security Clearinghouse Legislation or collaboration Policy Technical Spatial computing Data, Platforms, Applications Data integration Sensor network Data integration models Web Mapping Services (WMS, WFS WCS) Standards Tools Data integration web service Metadata Entry Tools Standards SES and Google SES and Virtual Earth UML Modeling XML, XML Schema, GML and SVG SES related Tools Data models within SDI framework Seamless Platform Web services Discovery Tools Ubiquitous Spatially Enabled Property data SES and emergency management Data Standards ICA, ISO, OGC Visualisation Tools and Models SES and UML modelling Metadata standards Data Integration Tool Content and Elements SES Platform

24. Spatial Enablement A society or government can be regarded as spatially enabled whenspatial information and location are widely used to manage information and processes to encourage more creativity and product development, and they become a ubiquitous part of eGovernment and broader government ICT strategies. and It is also defined as an innovator and enabler across society and a promoter of eDemocracy.

25. Spatial enablement contributes to the expansion of consultative and participative government services to the society such as: e-government, policy and administration through cost reduction, public safety through more efficient emergency services, improved utilities infrastructure, better management of health services, and environmental sustainability. Spatial Enablement

26. Spatial Enablement Spatial enablement is usually used in a ubiquitous and transparent manner by a wide cross section of society. By its very nature spatial enablement demands a “whole-of-government” approach.

27. The Way Forward Capacity development to face thechallenges

28. Three Levels of Capacity Building People/individual level Entity/organisational level System/societal level

29. www.csdila.unimelb.edu.au