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What is Matter?  

What is Matter?  . Anything with. Mass. And. Volume. The Gangsta. Matter?. Matter?. Matter?. Matter?. Matter?. Matter?. Matter?. Matter?. What Makes Up Matter?  . Elements. And. Compounds. What is an Element? . A pure substance made of one type of atom!. What is an atom?.

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What is Matter?  

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  1. What is Matter?   • Anything with Mass And Volume

  2. The Gangsta Matter?

  3. Matter?

  4. Matter?

  5. Matter?

  6. Matter?

  7. Matter?

  8. Matter?

  9. Matter?

  10. What Makes Up Matter?   Elements And Compounds

  11. What is an Element?  A pure substance made of one type of atom!

  12. What is an atom? • The smallest unit of an element, having all the characteristics of that element

  13. An Atom is made of • A Nucleus composed of Protons – Positive charge Neutrons – Neutral or No charge • Electron shells which are made of Electrons – Negative charge

  14. Atoms have • No Charge or are Neutral! • The number of protons (+) is always equal to the number of electrons (-)

  15. When AtomsCombine Chemically H2O • They form COMPOUNDS • Hydrogen + Hydrogen + Oxygen chemically combine to form

  16. What are the Properties of • Hydrogen? • Oxygen?

  17. What are the Properties of • Water? • Compounds do not have the same properties as the elements they are made from

  18. Most Matter on Earth is made of Compounds NOT Elements Pure Au Pure Ag

  19. Compounds are held together by chemical bonds • Two Types of Bonds: Covalent and Ionic Bonds • Covalent Bonds – Involve two or more elements sharing electrons from the outer electron shell of an atom.

  20. Covalent Bonds – Hold together two or more Atoms which are both nonmetals

  21. Covalent Bonds • How they Work!

  22. Common Covalent Compounds • Carbon Dioxide = CO2

  23. Common Covalent Compounds • Ammonia = NH3

  24. The Second Type of Chemical Bond is an • Ionic Bond which forms between a metal and a nonmetal

  25. Ionic Bonds • Form when one atom loses an electron to become positively charged.

  26. And a second atom gains the electron to become negatively charged.

  27. Ionic Bonds • Losing or gaining an electron makes each particle more stable. • Since an atom is always neutral, these charged negative and positive particles are NOT atoms. • They are called IONS

  28. Ionic Bonds • A positive ion is attracted to a negative ion creating an ionic compound held together with an ionic bond! • A good example of an ionic compound is

  29. Ionic Bonds • How they work!

  30. Organisms are mostly made up of Compounds held together with covalent bonds

  31. What does a Chemical Formula tell us? H2O • The names of the elements in the compound • The amount of atoms or ions in the compound • A subscript refers ONLY to the atom (or ion) it immediately follows in the formula • If there is no subscript, there is one atom (or ion) of the element in the formula

  32. Reading Chemical Formulas H2O H2O2 KHSO3 CaCO3 H2O2 Which atoms/ions? How many of each atom/ion?

  33. A Chemical Formula also • Tells us how many particles (usually molecules) of the compound are in the formula. H2O = 1 water molecule 2H2O = 2 water molecules Subscript Coefficient

  34. This is the chemical formula for Glycine (an amino acid found in proteins) 4C2H5NO2 • How many molecules are in the formula? • Which atoms are in the formula? • How many of each atom? (Multiply the coefficient by the subscript!)

  35. Now What? • Complete Worksheet with your group! • Is your group ready for a quiz on reading chemical formulas? • Everyone in your group will receive the same group grade made up of the average of all of your quiz scores!

  36. Work with your Group! • 3BiPO4 • 2CH2O • 5CCl4 • 4C2H5NO2 • 3HC6H7O6 • 4H2C2O4 • 2KHSO3 • 5Al2Cl9K3 Is your group ready to take a quiz on reading chemical formulas?

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