物流英语

1. 物流英语 Logistics English 科学出版社

2. Unit 1 Elements of Logistics Warm-up Questions • What does logistics mean to you? • What made logistics a well-recognized business? • Work with your partner and try to tell the class what aspects logistics include.

3. Words and Expressions maneuverability n. maneuver v. /n. 1 1.[countable] a skilful or careful movement that you make, for example in order to avoid something or go through a narrow space • eg. A careful driver will often stop talking before carrying out a complex maneuver. 2.[uncountable and countable] a skilful or carefully planned action intended to gain an advantage for yourself • eg.They tried by diplomatic maneuvers to obtain an agreement.

4. flexibility n. 适应性, 机动性 flexible adj. eg. Flexible plastic tubing eg. Our plans are quite flexble. integrated adj. 综合的,完整的 integration n. eg. An integrated transport plan/ an integrated personality eg. The integration of black children into the school system in the Southern States of America

5. containment n. 阻止, 遏制 contain v. 包含; 控制; 阻止 eg. Until we’d built up sufficient forces to drive the invaders back, we pursued a policy of containment. eg. Her statement contains several inaccuracies. eg. I was so furious that I couldn’t contain myself. eg. Has the revolt been contained ?

6. overlook v. 1.to not notice something, or not see how important it isￚsynonym miss eg. It is easy to overlook a small detail like that. Nobody could overlook the fact that box office sales were down. 2. to forgive someone's mistake, bad behaviour etc and take no action eg. She found him entertaining enough to overlook his faults. 3. if a house, room etc overlooks something, it has a view of it, usually from above eg. Our room overlooks the ocean.

7. Proceed v. 1.formal to continue to do something that has already been planned or started proceed with eg. The government was determined to proceed with the election. Before proceeding further, we must define our terms. 2. proceed to do something, to do something after doing something else first - used sometimes to express surprise or annoyance eg. Sammy took off his coat and proceeded to undo his boots. 3. proceed against somebody : to begin a legal case against someone proceed from something :to happen or exist as a result of something eg. ideas that proceed from a disturbed state of mind

8. adapt v. 1.[intransitive and transitive] to gradually change your behaviour and attitudes in order to be successful in a new situation adapt to eg.The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school. flowers which are well adapted to harsh winters The ability to adapt is a definite asset in this job. adapt yourself/itself etc (to something) eg.How do these insects adapt themselves to new environments?

9. 2.[transitive] to change something to make it suitable for a different purpose eg. adapt something to do something The car has been adapted to take unleaded gas. adapt something for somebody These teaching materials can be adapted for older children. 3.[transitive usually passive] if a book or play is adapted for film, television etc, it is changed so that it can be made into a film, television programme etc eg.be adapted for something Many children buy books after they have been adapted for television. 4.adapted adj. eg. She lives in a specially adapted flat.

10. humble adj. 1.not considering yourself or your ideas to be as important as other people's (opposite proud) eg. modest and humble man 2.having a low social class or position eg. He started his career as a humble peanut farmer. humble background/origins etc Iacocca rose from humble beginnings to become boss of Ford. 3. in my humble opinion, spoken used humorously to give your opinion about something. 4.my humble apologies, British English spoken used humorously to say you are sorry

11. 5.[only before noun] simple and ordinary, but useful or effective eg. The humble potato may be the key to feeding the world's population. 6. eat humble pie, to admit that you were wrong about something 7. your humble servant, British English old use a formal way of ending a letter 8. somebody's humble abode someone's house or apartment - us

12. Ultimate adj. 1.someone's ultimate aim is their main and most important aim, that they hope to achieve in the future ￚsynonym final eg. ultimate goal/aim/objective etc. Complete disarmament was the ultimate goal of the conference. Our ultimate objective is to have as many female members of parliament as there are male. 2.the ultimate result of a long process is what happens at the end of it eg. The ultimate outcome of the experiment cannot be predicted. eg. The ultimate fate of the tribe was even sadder. the ultimate failure of the project

13. 3. if you have ultimate responsibility for something, you are the person who must make the important final decisions about it eg. The ultimate responsibility for policy lies with the President. The ultimate decision rests with the Public Health Service. 4. better, bigger, worse etc than all other things or people of the same kind eg. 'The Rolling Stones' is the ultimate rock and roll band. The female nude is surely the ultimate test of artistic skill.

14. Unit 2 Global Logistics Warm-up Questions • Say as much as you can about Schneider National Mexico • Name three big names in logistics flows

15. Entangle 1.to make something become twisted and caught in a rope, net etc entangle in/with Small animals can get entangled in the net. 2.to involve someone in an argument, a relationship, or a situation that is difficult to escape from entangle somebody in something fears that the US could get entangled in another war be entangled with somebody I didn't want to become entangled with my best friend's wife.

16. Hook v. 1 ▶FISH◀ to catch a fish with a hook I hooked a 20-pound salmon last week. 2 ▶FASTEN◀ [always + adverb/preposition] to fasten or hang something onto something else hook something onto/to something Just hook the bucket onto the rope and lower it down. 3 ▶BEND YOUR FINGER/ARM ETC◀ [always + adverb/preposition] to bend your finger, arm, or leg, especially so that you can pull or hold something else Ruth hooked her arm through Tony's. He tried to hook his leg over the branch.

17. Unify v. past tense and past participle unified present participle unifying third person singular unifies [intransitive and transitive]if you unify two or more parts or things, or if they unify, they are combined to make a single unit ￚsynonym unite ￚopposite divideStrong support for the war has unified the nation.His music unifies traditional and modern themes.

18. Ambitious adj. 1.determined to be successful, rich, powerful etc Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed with the idea of becoming rich. ambitious for mothers who are highly ambitious for their children (=who want their children to be successful) 2. an ambitious plan, idea etc shows a desire to do something good but difficult an ambitious engineering project an over-ambitious health reform program

19. Consolidate v. 1. to strengthen the position of power or success that you have, so that it becomes more effective or continues for longer The company has consolidated its position as the country's leading gas supplier. The team consolidated their lead with a third goal. 2. to combine things in order to make them more effective or easier to deal with We consolidate information from a wide range of sources. They took out a loan to consolidate their debts. The company is planning to consolidate its business activities at a new site in Arizona.

20. Retain v. 1 .to keep something or continue to have something You have the right to retain possession of the goods. The state wants to retain control of food imports. 2. to store or keep something inside something else A lot of information can be retained in your computer. 3. to remember information I find it very difficult to retain facts. 4. if you retain a lawyer or other specialist, you pay them to work for you now and in the future He has retained a lawyer to challenge the court's decision.

21. Tremendous adj. 1. very big, fast, powerful etc Suddenly, there was a tremendous bang, and the whole station shook. She was making a tremendous effort to appear calm. She praised her husband for the tremendous support he had given her. Sales have been tremendous so far this year. This plan could save us a tremendous amount of money. 2 .excellent She's got a tremendous voice, hasn't she? tremendously adverb tremendously wealthy

22. Boom v. 1. if business, trade, or a particular area is booming, it is increasing and being very successful Business was booming , and money wasn't a problem. Tourism on the island has boomed. 2. also boom (something ↔) out [transitive] to say something in a loud deep voice 'Ladies and gentlemen,' his voice boomed out. 3. also boom out [intransitive] to make a loud deep sound Guns boomed in the distance. booming adjective a booming economy

23. Unit 3 Inventory Management Warm-up Questions • Describe the types of decisions within an organization, beginning with a mission. • How do you think decisions should be made now? Why? • What is Just-in-Time inventory management?

24. Collapse v. 1. if a building, wall etc collapses, it falls down suddenly, usually because it is weak or damaged Uncle Ted's chair collapsed under his weight. The roof had collapsed long ago. 2. to suddenly fall down or become unconscious because you are ill or weak He collapsed with a heart attack while he was dancing. Marion's legs collapsed under her. 3. if a system, idea, or organization collapses, it suddenly fails or becomes too weak to continue The luxury car market has collapsed. I thought that without me the whole project would collapse.

25. Offset v. past tense and past participle offset present participle offsetting 1. if the cost or amount of something offsets another cost or amount, the two things have an opposite effect so that the situation remains the same Cuts in prices for milk, butter, and cheese will be offset by direct payments to farmers. offset something against something He was able to offset his travel expenses against tax. 2. to make something look better by being close to it and different His blonde hair offset a deep tan.

26. Impose v. 1. if someone in authority imposes a rule, punishment, tax etc, they force people to accept it The court can impose a fine or a prison sentence. 2. to force someone to have the same ideas, beliefs etc as you impose something on somebody parents who impose their own moral values on their children 3. formal to expect or ask someone to do something for you when this is not convenient for them impose on/upon We could ask to stay the night, but I don't want to impose on them.

27. Sustain v. 1. to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time She found it difficult to sustain the children's interest. He was incapable of sustaining close relationships with women. the policies necessary to sustain economic growth 2. formal to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money Two of the fire-fighters sustained serious injuries. Some nearby buildings sustained minor damage. 3. formal if food or drink sustains a person, animal, or plant, it makes them able to continue living They gave me barely enough food to sustain me.

28. Luxury n. plural luxuries 1. very great comfort and pleasure, such as you get from expensive food, beautiful houses, cars etc in luxury She stole to keep her boyfriend in luxury. He was leading a life of luxury in Australia. 2. something expensive that you do not need, but you buy for pleasure and enjoyment luxuries like chocolate and perfume 3. to have something that is very pleasant or convenient, that you are not always able to have For the first time in three years, they actually had the luxury of a whole day together.

29. Embrace v. 1.to put your arms around someone and hold them in a friendly or loving way Jack warmly embraced his son. Maggie and Laura embraced. 2.formal to eagerly accept a new idea, opinion, religion We hope these regions will embrace democratic reforms. Most West European countries have embraced the concept of high-speed rail networks with enthusiasm. 3. formal to include something as part of a subject, discussion etc This course embraces several different aspects of psychology.

30. Senior adj. 1. having a higher position, level, or rank the senior Democrat on the House committee White men hold most of the jobs in senior management . the senior partner in a law firm senior to He is also a diplomat, but senior to me. 2. [only before noun] British English a senior competition is for older people or for people at a more advanced level I won the 60 metre race, my first senior success.

31. Constraint n. 1. something that limits your freedom to do what you want Constraints on spending have forced the company to rethink its plans. financial/environmental/political etc constraints There have been financial and political constraints on development. impose/place constraints on somebody/something constraints imposed on teachers by large class sizes 2.control over the way people are allowed to behave, so that they cannot do what they want freedom from constraint

32. Rigid adj. 1. rigid methods, systems etc are very strict and difficult to change rigid and authoritarian methods of education 2. someone who behaves in a rigid way is very unwilling to change their ideas or behaviour rigid adherence to old-fashioned ideas 3 stiff and not moving or bending rigid plastic 4. used to describe someone who cannot move, especially because they are very frightened, shocked, or angry

33. Unit 4 Warehousing Warm-up Questions • In what aspect can manufacturers and customers benefit from strategic warehousing? • Talk about the function of information technology in achieving maximum flexibility in warehousing • Why do web firms find it necessary to build warehouses?

34. Evolve v. 1. if an animal or plant evolves, it changes gradually over a long period of time Fish evolved from prehistoric sea creatures. Animals have evolved camouflage to protect themselves from predators. 2. to develop and change gradually over a long period of time The school has evolved its own style of teaching. Businesses need to evolve rapidly. The idea evolved out of work done by British scientists. evolve into The group gradually evolved into a political party.

35. Engineer v. 1. to make something happen by skilful secret planning powerful enemies who engineered his downfal Perhaps she could engineer a meeting between them? 2. to change the genetic structure of a plant, animal etc the dangers of engineering native plants genetically engineered crops 3.technical to design and plan the building of roads, bridges, machines, etc

36. Associate v. 1. to make a connection in your mind between one thing or person and another associate somebody/something with something I don't associate him with energetic sports. 2. be associated (with somebody/something) a) to be related to a particular subject, activity etc problems associated with cancer treatment b) also associate yourself with somebody/something to show that you support someone or something He did not associate himself with the pro-democracy movement.

37. Payoff n. 1. an advantage or profit that you get as a result of doing something With electric cars there is a big environmental payoff. 2. a payment that is made to someone, often illegally, in order to stop them from causing you trouble Union leaders allegedly received huge payoffs from the company's bosses. 3. a payment made to someone when they are forced to leave their job The average payoff to staff was about £2000.

38. Recruit v. 1. to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc We're having difficulty recruiting enough qualified staff. 2. to get people to join the army, navy etc Most of the men in the village were recruited that day. 3.to persuade someone to do something for you recruit somebody to do something I recruited three of my friends to help me move.

39. Steep adj. 1. a road, hill etc that is steep slopes at a high angle The road became rocky and steep. a steep climb to the top 2. steep prices, charges etc are unusually expensive opposite low steep rents 3. involving a big increase or decrease steep cuts in benefits steep increase/rise a steep increase in house prices steep decrease/drop a steep drop in orders

40. Integral adj. 1. forming a necessary part of something Vegetables are an integral part of our diet. integral to Statistics are integral to medical research. 2. [usually before noun] provided as part of something, rather than being separate a TV and integral video recorder

41. Dedicate v. 1. to give all your attention and effort to one particular thing dedicate yourself/your life to something The actress now dedicates herself to children's charity work. 2. to say at the beginning of a book or film, or before a piece of music, that it has been written, made, or performed for someone that you love or respect dedicate something to somebody The book was dedicated to her husband.

42. 3. to state in an official ceremony that a building will be given someone's name in order to show respect for them 4. to use a place, time, money etc only for a particular purpose dedicate something to/for something The company dedicated $50,000 for the study.

43. Unit 5 Packaging Warm-up Questions • What are the advantages of using a standardized master carton in the case of the shoe retailer? • Give definitions to primary and secondary packaging and tell the class the function of each • What problems has globalization of products brought about?

44. Cube 1.a solid object with six equal square sides a sugar cube an ice cube Cut the meat into small cubes. 2.the cube of something the number you get when you multiply a number by itself twice, for example 4 x 4 x 4 = 64, so the cube of 4 is 64 Overall adj. [only before noun] considering or including everything The overall cost of the exhibition was £400,000. The overall result is an increase in population. An overall winner and a runner-up were chosen. We don't want all the details now, just the overall picture.

45. Objective n. 1. something that you are trying hard to achieve, especially in business or politics synonym goal :He vowed to achieve certain objectives before the end of his presidency. the best way to accomplish your objectives The degree program has two main objectives . Managers should set specific performance objectives for their teams. A clear objective was set and adhered to.One of your first business objectives should be to get your own office. 2. a place that you are trying to reach, especially in a military attack The 4th Division's objective was a town twenty miles to the east.

46. Generate v. 1.to produce or cause something synonym create a useful technique for generating new ideas The program would generate a lot of new jobs. generate revenue/profits/income etc Tourism generates income for local communities. generate excitement/interest/support etc The project generated enormous interest. 2. to produce heat, electricity, or another form of energy Wind turbines generate electricity for the local community.

47. Justify v. 1. to give an acceptable explanation for something that other people think is unreasonable Ministers must appear before parliament and justify their actions. justify doing something How can we justify spending so much money on arms? justify yourself 2. to be a good and acceptable reason for something Nothing justifies murdering another human being. 3.technical to arrange lines of words on a page or computer screen so that they form a straight edge on both the right and left sides

48. Temper v. [transitive] 1. formal to make something less severe or extreme temper something with/by something The heat in this coastal town is tempered by cool sea breezes. 2. to make metal as hard as is needed by heating it and then putting it in cold water tempered steel

49. Disperse v. [intransitive and transitive] 1. if a group of people disperse or are dispersed, they go away in different directions Police used tear gas to disperse the crowd. 2. if something disperses or is dispersed, it spreads in different directions over a wide area The clouds dispersed as quickly as they had gathered.

50. Potential adj. [only before noun] likely to develop into a particular type of person or thing in the future synonym :possible potential customer/buyer/client new ways of attracting potential customers potential benefit/problem the potential benefits of the new system potential danger/threat/risk the potential risks to health associated with the drug