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Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta

Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta. Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy. Objectives. D escribe the structure and function of the placenta, umbilical cord and membranes. Decidual plate. Chorionic plate. Cotyledon (15-20). Chorionic villi. Lacunar/intervillous spaces.

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Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta

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  1. Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy

  2. Objectives • Describe the structure and function of the placenta, umbilical cord and membranes

  3. Decidual plate Chorionic plate

  4. Cotyledon (15-20) Chorionic villi Lacunar/intervillous spaces

  5. Macroscopic appearance of placenta

  6. Placenta – fetal surface

  7. Placenta – maternal surface

  8. Placenta and membranes

  9. What is placental barrier?

  10. 1 2 Placental barrier

  11. Functions of the placenta • Exchange of gases • Removal of metabolic products • Nutrition • Transmission of maternal Ab • Production of hormones

  12. Placental hormones • Human chorionic gonadotropin-hCG • Progesterone • Oestrogens • Human chorionic somatomammotropin-hCS • Relaxin These are secreted into the maternal circulation. Most maternal hormones do not cross the placenta.

  13. Progesterone hCG Maintains the corpus luteum during the initial period of pregnancy hCS Maintains the pregnancy Relaxin Oestriol Lactogenic function Growth stimulation Inhibits myometrial contractions 10 20 30 40 Weeks 6 12

  14. Progesterone hCG hCS Relaxin Oestriol 10 20 30 40 Weeks 6 12

  15. Unwanted functions of placenta • Transfer of infectious agents • Transfer of drugs

  16. Functions of the fetal membranes • Protection/shock absorption

  17. umbilical vein umbilical arteries Wharton’s jelly Umbilical cord

  18. References • Review of medical physiology by William F. Ganong • Medical embryology by Jan Langman • http://www.answers.com/topic/umbilical-cord

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