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Saving the California Condor. Amy Welsh Jed Doelling Emily Lilly Sarah Josway Randy Phyllis Stephanie Young. Goals Apply Mendelian genetics and pedigree analysis to modern problems Outcomes
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Saving the California Condor Amy Welsh Jed Doelling Emily Lilly Sarah Josway Randy Phyllis Stephanie Young
Goals • Apply Mendelian genetics and pedigree analysis to modern problems • Outcomes • Use information from pedigree analysis to design optimal breeding pairs for the California Condor
California Condors • Critically endangered • 22 individuals • Captive breeding program • Some mating pairs frequently produced non-hatching eggs • Chondrodystrophy • Lethal disorder
Genetics Review for Pedigree Analysis A Amut A AA AAmut AmutAmutAAmutAmut Gamete from mother Gamete from father
Pedigree Analysis Female Affected female Male Affected male
A C B Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Is this trait inherited as 1) Dominant 2) Recessive http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/
A C B Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / What is the genotype of individual A 1) Homozygous dominant 2) Homozygous recessive 3) Heterozygous 4) Too little information http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/
1 3 2 4 Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Which individual is LEAST likely to carry the mutant allele? http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/
California Condor: You’re the Zoo! 49 32 12 44 30 31 39 24 50 11 40 10 8 57 25 23 27 3 21 4 6 62 2 7 / Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Create a breeding plan for your subpopulations • What is your best mating pair? • What is your worst mating pair?
Yellow Zoo California Condor: You’re the Zoo! 49 32 44 30 31 39 12 40 11 24 50 10 8 57 25 2 27 21 6 62 3 7 4 23 / Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Create a breeding plan for your subpopulations • What is your best mating pair? • What is your worst mating pair?
Blue Zoo 49 40 32 12 44 24 30 31 50 11 39 10 8 57 25 6 23 27 62 3 7 2 21 4 / Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Create a breeding plan for your subpopulations • What is your best mating pair? • What is your worst mating pair?
Orange Zoo 49 32 11 44 12 50 40 39 24 30 31 10 8 57 25 23 27 6 3 2 21 4 62 7 / Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Create a breeding plan for your subpopulations • What is your best mating pair? • What is your worst mating pair?
Red Zoo 49 32 39 44 12 24 31 50 11 40 10 8 30 57 25 4 23 27 62 3 7 2 21 6 / Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Create a breeding plan for your subpopulations • What is your best mating pair? • What is your worst mating pair?
Green Zoo 49 32 50 12 30 31 39 24 11 40 10 8 57 44 25 3 23 62 6 7 4 21 2 27 / Female Affected female Male Affected male Dead affected male / Create a breeding plan for your subpopulations • What is your best mating pair? • What is your worst mating pair?
California Condors: Success Story As of March 2011, total population is 369 birds Frequency of lethal allele is down to 8.8% from 20%
References Ralls, K., J.D. Ballou, B.A. Rideout, and R. Frankham. 2000. “Genetic management of chondrodystrophy in California condors.” Animal Conservation 3 (02): 145–153. Images: http://birdsflight.com/california-condor-facts-where-california-condors-live-what-california-condors-eat/ http://www.markbeeson.com/.a/6a00e5500bca2488340112791a521128a4-800wi http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/02_24_2010_y17Gxk3WVq_02_24_2010_1#.T9I7PuJYvBQ