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US Involvement Overseas

US Involvement Overseas. Section 3. Power in the Pacific. Many object to Philippines being annexed to US Some, however, are in favor, including Indiana senator Albert Beveridge , who says: “The Philippines are ours forever. And just beyond the Philippines are China’s markets. We

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US Involvement Overseas

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  1. US Involvement Overseas Section 3

  2. Power in the Pacific • Many object to Philippines being annexed to US • Some, however, are in favor, including Indiana senator Albert Beveridge, who says: “The Philippines are ours forever. And just beyond the Philippines are China’s markets. We will not retreat from either…The power that rules the Pacific is the power that rules the world.”

  3. US in china • Control over Philippines gives US greater access to China. • Following Commodore Perry’s visit to Japan in 1850, Japan rapidly industrialized becoming a world power. • Japan would demonstrate this through successful campaigns in China (1890s).

  4. Spheres of influence • Areas where foreign nations claimed special rights and economic privileges. • By the 1890s, France, Germany, Britain, Japan, and Russia established imperial settlements along coast of Asia. • These countries claimed exclusive rights to RR construction and mining development.

  5. Imperialism in Pacific 1850-1910

  6. Open door policy • US worries other countries will gain to much power in China and region • Secretary of State John Hay proposes open door policy: meaning no single country should have a monopoly over trade with China (1899). • Most countries accept the proposal.

  7. Boxer Rebellion • Group of Chinese who are angered over foreign presence. • Mainly angered over privileges foreigners take and disrespect toward Chinese traditions. • Chinese resentment led to a revolt known as the Boxer Rebellion.

  8. Panama canal • As America’s interests grew in the Pacific, so did their need for a quick route from the Atlantic to the Pacific. • Ships would not have to travel around South America. This became evident during the Spanish-American War.

  9. Colombian revolution • The Isthmus of Panama would be the best spot, however, it is controlled by Colombia. • Colombia was unwilling to lose land. • President Roosevelt sends US Navy to support revolution on the isthmus. • From the revolution, Panama is created.

  10. Panama Canal is created • Panamanian leaders gave the US government rights to ten-mile-wide strip called Canal Zone. • The Panama Canal would connect the Atlantic and the Pacific. • Many Latin Americans and US citizens believed Roosevelt cheated Colombia out of land. In 1921, America finally pays $25 million to Colombia.

  11. Panama Canal Map

  12. Building of the Canal • Canal was extremely difficult to build. • Land was swampy and full of mosquitoes that carried malaria. • More than 45,000 workers take part, including black West Indians. • Not finished until 1914, costing $352 million, and over 5,000 workers

  13. US INVOLVEMENT IN LATIN AM. • US becomes increasingly interested in South American resources. • US found they could purchase goods such as coffee, bananas, and copper. • US companies also purchase large amounts of land in the region for farming and mining.

  14. LATIN AMERICAN INTERESTS • US worries instability in LA will lead European countries to intervene. • Roosevelt made it clear US would remain dominant power in LA, including his famous African phrase: “Speak softly, but carry a big stick.”

  15. Roosevelt COROLLARY • Roosevelt was quick to enforce and remind Europe of the Monroe Doctrine: policy preventing other nations from intervening in LA. • Roosevelt created Roosevelt Corollaryin 1904, authorizing US to act as “policeman” of region. • US could also take action when there was instability in region.

  16. Use of roosevelt corollary • In 1905, US takes control of Dominican Republic’s finances after it fails to pay debts. • A year later, US intervenes in Cuba when a revolt threatens the country’s government.

  17. Other uses of roosevelt corollary • Later presidents expanded corollary. • Taft urged American businesses to invest in LA, promising military action if anything went wrong. • In 1912, Taft had to send marines to Nicaragua to restore order.

  18. Wilson’s actions • President Wilson also took action in region. • Revolution in Mexico threatened US interests. • Wilson sends fleet to Veracruz after US sailors were arrested.

  19. Pancho villa • Wilson sends in troops to capture Villa (1916). • Mexican revolutionary raids New Mexico town of Columbus. • Kills 19 Americans

  20. Contrasting views Americans Latin Americans Saw US as an imperial power Cared only about US interests Leads to mistrust of US • Rarely question US actions in LA • Saw America as a police officer • Maintained peace and prevented disorder

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