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Understanding the Scientific Method: Data Types, Variables, and Hypotheses

Explore the common steps of the scientific method, types of data, variables, and the distinction between theory and scientific law. Learn to state problems, make observations, develop hypotheses, conduct experiments, and draw conclusions. Test hypotheses through controlled experiments, distinguish qualitative and quantitative data, and grasp the significance of variables. Delve into the importance of controls, concluding results, and the nature of hypotheses, theories, and scientific laws.

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Understanding the Scientific Method: Data Types, Variables, and Hypotheses

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  1. Section 1.3 Scientific Method

  2. Objectives • Identify the common steps of scientific method • Compare and contrast types of data • Compare and contrast types of variables • Describe the difference between a theory and a scientific law

  3. The Scientific Method • Systematic study • Method of verification

  4. Steps of the Scientific Method • State the problem/purpose • Make observations • Develop a hypothesis • Conduct an experiment • Collect data • Draw a conclusion

  5. Hypothesis • Testable predication • Based on observations • Tentative explanation of events

  6. Experiments • Controlled observations that test hypothesis • Carefully plan & conduct • Test one variable at a time

  7. Qualitative Data • The five senses • Quantitative Data • Numerical information

  8. Qualitative or Quantitative? • It is yellow • It boils at 123C • It smells pungent • Its density is 2.26 g/cm3

  9. Variables • Independent • What you change • Should be the only thing affecting the dependent variable • Dependent • What you measure • Changes in response to independent variable

  10. Control • Standard for comparison • Helps you understand the behavior of variables

  11. Conclusion • Analyze the data • Apply to hypothesis • Make a judgment based on findings

  12. Hypothesis: Never proven, only supported data • Theory: Supported by many, many experiments • Scientific Law: a relationship in nature that has never been disproven

  13. Homework • Scientific Method Worksheets

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