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Articles of Confederation

Articles of Confederation. The Limits of Limited Government: No common currency or banking laws Unable to settle disputes over commerce between states Unable to have stable govt. funding or to collect taxes Unanimity necessary to amend

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Articles of Confederation

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  1. Articles of Confederation The Limits of Limited Government: • No common currency or banking laws • Unable to settle disputes over commerce between states • Unable to have stable govt. funding or to collect taxes • Unanimity necessary to amend • Unable to deal with foreign powers, i.e. N. African Pirates • Weak army and navy • Unable to respond to Shay’s rebellion

  2. Constitutional Convention New Generation of Leaders: Madison and Jefferson, et al. Absent: John and Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, and Thomas Henry, other revolutionaries Goal – Strengthen the Republic (Against enemies foreign and domestic)

  3. Unicameral vs. Bicameral

  4. CONSTITUTION =COMPROMISE “Great Compromise” House of Reps for Populous States Senate for Small States Power of govt. divided into 3 branches “3/5ths Compromise” Compromise on counting slaves as part of population Democratic power limited by powerful federal judges and the Electoral College, only Representatives directly elected Limited Government achieved through Checks and Balances Rule based on consent of the governed, but my means of representative, not direct, democracy LIBERTY WAS BALANCED WITH ORDER

  5. THE STRUGGLE FOR RATIFICATION: Problem: Rhode Island – boycotted Constitutional Convention Solution: After 9 states ratify, Const. in effect in those states Effect: Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island are last states to ratify DEBATE RAGES!!! TO RATIFY OR NOT!!!

  6. Anti-federalists: AGAINST RATIFICATION WHY: Suspect the elite, suspicious of tyranny WHO: Poor farmers, frontiersmen, states’ rights advocates Federalists: FOR RATIFICATION WHY: Stability and Strength needed to secure economy and the high seas WHO: Propertied classes, merchants, bankers FEDALISTS (MADISONIANS)ANTI-FEDERALISTS (JEFFERSONIANS)

  7. FEDERALIST PAPERSA series of essays written by Madison, Hamilton, et al. to create support for ratification in New York, most famous was Federalist #10 AMONG the numerous advantages promised by a well constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction. …By a faction, I understand a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adversed to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community. …The inference to which we are brought is, that the CAUSES of faction cannot be removed, and that relief is only to be sought in the means of controlling its EFFECTS. …From this view of the subject it may be concluded that a pure democracy, by which I mean a society consisting of a small number of citizens, who assemble and administer the government in person, can admit of no cure for the mischiefs of faction. A republic, by which I mean a government in which the scheme of representation takes place, opens a different prospect, and promises the cure for which we are seeking. …The two great points of difference between a democracy and a republic are: first, the delegation of the government, in the latter, to a small number of citizens elected by the rest; secondly, the greater number of citizens, and greater sphere of country, over which the latter may be extended. …A rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any other improper or wicked project, will be less apt to pervade the whole body of the Union than a particular member of it; in the same proportion as such a malady is more likely to taint a particular county or district, than an entire State.

  8. Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights is a compromise between the Federalists/Madison and the AntiFederalists/Jefferson. Why?

  9. Which amendments are the most important, from an Anti-federalist perspective?

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