1 / 26

Hydrogen

Hydrogen. Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish at 1766 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek words " hydro " and "genes " meaning " water " and " generator “ Hydrogen is the lightest element

woody
Download Presentation

Hydrogen

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Hydrogen • Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish at 1766 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek words "hydro" and "genes" meaning "water" and "generator“ • Hydrogen is the lightest element • It is by far the most abundant element in the universe and makes up about about 90% of the universe by weight

  2. Helium • Helium was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and independently by N. A. Langley and P. T. Cleve at 1895 in London, England and Uppsala, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "helios" meaning "sun“ • Helium is one of the so-called noble gases • Helium gas is an unreactive, colorless, and odorless monoatomic gas

  3. Lithium • Lithium was discovered by Johan August Arfvedson at 1817 in Stockholm, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "lithos" meaning "stone", apparently because it was discovered from a mineral source whereas the other two common Group 1 elements, sodium and potassium, were discovered from plant sources • Lithium is a Group 1 (IA) element containing just a single valence electron • Lithium is a solid only about half as dense as water and lithium metal is the least dense metal.

  4. Beryllium • Beryllium was discovered by Nicholas Louis Vauquelin (1763-1829) at 1797 in France. Origin of name: from the Greek word "beryllos" meaning "beryl • Beryllium is a Group 2 (IIA) element • It is a metal and has a high melting point

  5. Boron • Boron was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy, Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac, L.J. Th&�nard at 1808 in England, France. Origin of name: from the Arabic word "buraq" and the Persian word "burah“ • Boron is a Group 13 element that has properties which are borderline between metals and non-metals (semimetallic) • It is a semiconductor rather than a metallic conductor

  6. Carbon • Carbon was discovered by Known since ancient times although not recognized as an element until much later. at no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Latin word "carbo" meaning "charcoal“ • Carbon is a Group 14 element and is distributed very widely in nature • It is found in abundance in the sun, stars, comets, and atmospheres of most planets.

  7. Nitrogen • Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford at 1772 in Scotland. Origin of name: from the Greek words "nitron genes" meaning "nitre" and "forming" and the Latin word "nitrum" (nitre is a common name for potassium nitrate, KNO#). • Nitrogen is a Group 15 element. • Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere by volume but the atmosphere of Mars contains less than 3% nitrogen

  8. Oxygen • Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley, Carl Scheele at 1774 in England, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek words "oxy genes" meaning "acid" (sharp) and "forming" (acid former). • Oxygen is a Group 16 element. • While about one fifth of the atmosphere is oxygen gas, the atmosphere of Mars contains only about 0.15% oxygen

  9. Fluorine • Fluorine was discovered by Henri Moissan at 1886 in France. Origin of name: from the Latin word "fluere" meaning "to flow".In1670 a recipe containing Bohemian • Fluorine is a Group 17 element. • Fluorine is the most electronegative and reactive of all elements.

  10. Neon • Neon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Morris W. Travers at 1898 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "neon" meaning "new • Neon is a very inert element • Neon forms an unstable hydrate

  11. Sodium • Sodium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1807 in England. Origin of name: from the English word "soda" (the origin of the symbol Na comes from the Latin word "natrium") • Sodium is a Group 1 element (or IA in older labelling styles). • Group 1 elements are often referred to as the "alkali metals".

  12. Magnesium • Magnesium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1755 in England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "Magnesia", a district of Thessaly • Magnesium is a grayish-white, fairly tough metal. • Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust although not found in it's elemental form

  13. Aluminum • Aluminumwas discovered by Hans Christian Oersted at 1825 in Denmark. Origin of name: from the Latin word "alumen" meaning "alum“ • Pure aluminum is a silvery-white metal with many desirable characteristics • It is light, nontoxic (as the metal), nonmagnetic and nonsparking. It is somewhat decorative

  14. Silicon • Silicon was discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius at 1824 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Latin word "silicis" meaning "flint". • Silicon is present in the sun and stars and is a principal component of a class of meteorites known as aerolites • Silicon makes up 25.7% of the earth's crust by weight, and is the second most abundant element, exceeded only by oxygen

  15. Phosphorus • Phosphorus was discovered by Hennig Brand at 1669 in Germany. Origin of name: from the Greek word "phosphoros" meaning "bringer of light" (an ancient name for the planet Venus? • Phosphorus is commonly misspelled "phosphorous". • It is an essential component of living systems and is found in nervous tissue, bones and cell protoplasm.

  16. Sulfur • Sulfur was discovered by Known since ancient times at no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Sanskrit word "sulvere" meaning "sulphur"; also from the Latin word "sulphurium" meaning "sulphur". • Sulphur (sulfur) is a pale yellow, odourless, brittle solid, which is insoluble in water but soluble in carbon disulphide • Sulphur is essential to life. It is a minor constituent of fats, body fluids, and skeletal minerals.

  17. Chlorine • Chlorine was discovered by Carl William Scheele at 1774 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "chloros" meaning "pale green". • Chlorine is a greenish yellow gas which combines directly with nearly all elements. • Chlorine is a respiratory irritant.

  18. Argon • Argon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Lord Rayleigh at 1894 in Scotland. Origin of name: from the Greek word "argos" meaning "inactive". • Argon is a colourless and odourless gas present to a very small extent in the atmosphere. • Argon is very inert (indeed it is referred to as one of the noble gases) and is not known to form true chemical compounds.

  19. Potassium • Potassium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1807 in England. Origin of name: from the English word "potash" (pot ashes) and the Arabic word "qali" meaning alkali (the origin of the symbol K comes from the Latin word "kalium"). • Potassium is a metal and is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 1.5 % by weight of the earth's crust. • Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and it is found in most soils

  20. Calcium • Calcium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1808 in England. Origin of name: from the Latin word "calx" meaning "lime". • Calcium as the element is a grey silvery metal. The metal is rather hard. • Calcium is an essential constituent of leaves, bones, teeth, and shells.

  21. Scandium • Scandium was discovered by Lars Fredrik Nilson at 1879 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Latin word "Scandia" meaning "Scandinavia • Scandium is a silvery-white metal which develops a slightly yellowish or pinkish cast upon exposure to air. • It is relatively soft, and resembles yttrium and the rare-earth metals more than it resembles aluminium or titanium.

  22. Titanium • Titanium was discovered by William Gregor at 1791 in England. Origin of name: named after the "Titans", (the sons of the Earth goddess in Greek mythology). • Titanium s a lustrous, white metal when pure. Titanium minerals are quite common. • The metal has a low density, good strength, is easily fabricated, and has excellent corrosion resistance.

  23. Vanadium • Vanadium was discovered by Andres Manuel del Rio and Nils Sefström at 1801 in Mexico and Sweden. Origin of name: named after "Vanadis", the goddess of beauty in Scandinavian mythology • Pure vanadium is a greyish silvery metal, and is soft and ductile. • It has good corrosion resistance to alkalis, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and salt waters

  24. Chromium • Chromium was discovered by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin at 1797 in France. Origin of name: from the Greek word "chroma" meaning "colour", named for the many coloured compounds known for chromium • Chromium is steel-gray, lustrous, hard, metallic, and takes a high polish. • Its compounds are toxic

  25. Manganese • Manganese was discovered by Johann Gahn at 1774 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Latin word "magnes" meaning "magnet", or "magnesia nigri" meaning "black magnesia" (MnO2 • Manganese metal is gray-white, resembling iron, but is harder and very brittle. • The metal is reactive chemically, and decomposes cold water slowly. Manganese is widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom.

More Related