Solving National Problems  Self-Reliance Opportunities

1. Solving National Problems  Self-Reliance Opportunities

2. Job vs Self-Employment 1. Job: A person starts from zero and goes to the top The next generation has to also start from zero Self-employment: A person starts a small shop and progress it to a restaurant The next generation starts from a restaurant 2. Job: Called an employee Self-employment: Called an owner 3. Job: Using the resources of the society Self-employment: Contributing to the production of the society

3. India – Agrarian Society Indian Economy is Agriculture oriented 60-70% population dependent on Agriculture We are self-sufficient in wheat, rice and sugar 33% pulses and oil-seeds (dalhan aur tilhan) are being imported

4. India – Agrarian Society • Observation • Developed nations have 3-5% population working in agriculture  self-sufficient • We have 70% population working in agriculture •  still we have to import 33% pulses and oil-seeds •  not self-sufficient • We don’t have efficient agriculture techniques • We don’t have skilled labor

5. National Problems • 1. Vegetarians are not getting enough dry fruits, fruits (juice), milk – not proper production – importing 33% pulses and oil-seeds • Nation is not able to get enough medals in Olympics because of improper food • 77% children are suffering from mal-nutrition • Lots of trees are being cut daily for firewood for cooking • Several areas are suffering from severe drought • 4. Garbage/littering is present in every corner of the country •  • All these problems offer opportunities for • Self-employment

6. National Problems The average production of milk is 100 gm (exaggerated) In Developed nations it is 750 gm • Solutions are • Increasing the production of pulses, oil-seeds, milk • Removing chemicals from farming •  • There is work for 65 crore youth • Good income

7. Solution to National Problems • Solutions are • Increasing the production of pulses, oil-seeds, milk with the help of bee keeping •  an increase in 35% to 100% in the pulses and oil-seeds •  reason: bees help in pollination • 2. Removing chemicals from farming •  1 lakh crore is spent annually on chemical fertilizers •  replace by organic khaad •  vermi-composting

8. Solution to National Problems Solutions are 3. Increasing Milk production in MP, Chattisgarh, Orissa average yield per cow per day is about 2-3 paav 75% of the cows in India have yield less than 1 liter/day (Vision 2020 book of Dr. Kalam gives a table, which tells that in the world the maximum production of milk is in Israel = 10000 l/cow/year; the next is in Canada = 9000 l/cow/year; last is India = 500 l/cow/year – this is an exaggerated figure for India and the actual figure is around 150 l/cow/year) In rural areas, about 75% children have not seen outside milk (other than the mother’s milk)

9. Solution to National Problems Solutions are 3. Increasing Milk production It is noteworthy that the best environmental conditions for cow raising are in India only Israel has desert and Canada has cold climate Israel took a cow breed from India’s Kutchh region, which has 7 cm rain and resembles the conditions of Israel Through proper nutrition and cross-breeding (research oriented approach) Israel has increased the productivity of this breed so much that it has become the maximum producer of milk in the world On the other hand India’s MP and other regions have 30 cm rain

10. Solution to National Problems Solutions are 3. Increasing Milk production One of the attached problems is of water harvesting In these regions that have 30 cm rain, there is no methodology of holding the water As a result, all the water flows away in the river and the river dries in no time after rains Jal Purush – worked in Alwar Rajasthan and developed simple means of water harvesting by making ponds next to the river and thus preventing the water from flowing away in the river. This way he could revive two rivers in the region Therefore, water harvesting and cow raising have to go hand in hand

11. Solution to National Problems Solutions are 3. Increasing Milk production Once water is available, proper fodder will be available for the cows For increasing the yield, a cow giving 2 paav has to be crossed with a bull who was born from 5 lit cow. This way the off-spring will be about 2 lit cow. Then after 3 years this can be crossed with 10 lit bull, … This way it will take about 15 years to enhance the breed to 10 liter/day/cow = 2000 liter/year/cow.

12. Solution to National Problems • Solutions are • Increasing efficiency of wood stove • About 65% of Indian population cooks food on wood stove • If we take a round figure of 50% population and on an average 5 people per house, then there are 10 crore houses using wood stove • Lets say, on an average the stove uses 2 kg wood per day • and the efficiency of the conventional stove is 10% •  using 20 crore kg wood per day

13. Solution to National Problems • Solutions are • Increasing efficiency of wood stove • A new design has been developed, which has 40% efficiency • Its cost is around Rs. 150 •  So, there is 30% increase in efficiency •  30% wood reduction = 6 crore kg wood • = 60000 ton wood saving per day