Introduction to Organisational Behaviour and Application to Management

1. Introduction to Organisational Behaviour and Application to Management Lecturer – Ms Sandra Hopkins

2. Welcome! My name is Ms Sandra Hopkins Please call me Sandra You can contact me by emailing me: sandrabhopkins@yahoo.com Please ask me if you have any questions!

3. My experience • I have worked at: • UK universities (eg, Manchester, Derby, Aston, Leicester) • the city council (local government) • Ofsted (schools inspections) • charity and volunteering work to help the community and society • Lots of experience teaching management and tutoring students of all ages (from 6 years old to 65 years old!)

4. Interesting facts about me • I was born in Bolton, United Kingdom (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolton ) • I love to crochet! • I speak German, Spanish and British Sign Language

5. Where is Bolton?

6. Activity • Please tell me your name • What do you want to do when you leave HuangHuai University? • Tell me 2 interesting facts about yourself (do not worry if your English is not perfect, we will help each other!)

7. Office Hours What: Office hours are for you! I will be available to help you with any study related questions Why: Please use my office hours, they are there so I can help you. When: Tuesdays from 1.15 until 2.15 Thursdays from 1.15 until 2.15

8. About the course Topic: We will learn about organisational behaviour. We will look at practical examples of organisational behaviour. Attendance: Please attend classes. If you do not attend, you will miss out on useful information. Quizzes: Each week we will have a quiz to help you.

9. Reading • The reading for the course is to help you. The book you need to read is: Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behaviour 13th Ed., 组织行为学（English Version 第13版）, Tsinghua University Press, 清华大学出版社, 2010. (ISBN: 9787302238843) • I will also give you additional reading during the course • Please check here for information and updates: www.uwcentre.ac.cn/hhu

10. Assessments • There are three parts to your assessment. • You MUST complete ALL 3 parts to pass the module. • You MUST get a pass of at least 40% overall to successfully complete the module.

11. Assessment Part 1 • What: A group presentation (25%) • When: Friday 26th October • Further information: You will work in groups to do a presentation on a topic. All members of the group MUST participate and attend. If I believe that a group member has not helped their group, they may have to give an individual viva! More information is on www.uwcentre.ac.cn/hhu

12. Assessment Part 2 • What: An individual report based on your presentation (25%) • When: Monday 29th October • Further information: You can use the feedback on your group presentation to help you improve your report. More information will be put up on www.uwcentre.ac.cn/hhu

13. Assessment Part 3 • What: Part 3 is a 2 hour examination (50%) • When: Friday 2nd November • Further information: More information will be put up on www.uwcentre.ac.cn/hhu

14. Lectures • Please attend • Please bring a notebook with you and make notes (I may ask to see your notes!) • Please ask questions – how can I help you if you do not ask questions?

15. Tutorials • Please attend • Please bring your notebook with you • You will work in groups in the tutorial to practise groupwork and communication in English. This will help you with your presentation.

16. Organisational Behaviour • It is an exciting topic. I hope you will enjoy it too! • It is useful in many situations – for your studies and for work • Ask me a question!

17. Introduction to Organisational Behaviour and Application to Management Introduction

18. What is Organisational Behaviour (OB)? “A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behaviour within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness.” (Robbins, 2011)

19. What is an organisation? “A consciously coordinated social unit composed of two or more people that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.” (Robbins, 2011)

20. Why is it useful? • Understanding OB helps improve manager effectiveness • A more effective manager = • Lower turnover of quality employees • Higher quality applications for recruitment • Better financial performance = Business and people success!

21. Skills managers need We will look at this in more detail later this week. Four types of managerial activity: • Decision making, planning, and controlling • Communication • Administration • Human Resource Management • Personal development

22. Types of organisations - formal • Government (eg, political parties, National Health Service) • Emergency services (eg, fire, police, ambulance) • Armed forces (eg, army, navy, airforce) • Plc (Public Limited Company in the UK) • Limited Companies • Charities (eg, Red Cross, Oxfam) • National and International

23. Types of organisations - informal • Family units • Community organisations • Sports organisations • Clubs (some of them!)

24. Activity • Tell me which organisations you are part of now • Name 5 different organisations that you know about • Tell me whether they are formal or informal and how you know this

25. Three tiered model of OB

26. The Individual In OB we study the follow things about individuals based on Psychology: • biographical characteristics • personality and emotions • values and attitudes • ability • perception • motivation • individual learning • individual decision making

27. Individuals are important Why is understanding the individual so important?

28. The Group In OB we study the following things about groups based on social psychology: • communication • group decision making • leadership and trust • group structure • conflict • power and politics • work teams

29. Groups are important Why is understanding what groups do so important?

30. The Organisation System In OB we study these things about the organisation system based on sociology and anthropology: • organisational culture • human resource policies and practices • organizational structure and design

31. Organisation systems are important Why is understanding the organisation so important?

32. If it goes wrong…? These things can happen if there are problems on any of the three tiers: • Loss of money • Dissatisfaction of employees • Bad service • Illegal activities • Can you name any others?

33. Reading • Please read Chapter 1 before the tutorial this afternoon • Useful examples about different companies with case studies can be found here: http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/

34. Introduction to Organisational Behaviour and Application to Management The Individual - Diversity

35. What is diversity? In an organisational setting, diversity is the range of people, skills and abilities that you have in your organisation.

36. Why have think about diversity? • What are the benefits of having a diverse workforce? • What are the disadvantages of having a diverse workforce?

37. Different types of diversity • In the UK there are several different types of diversity which are protected by law. • This means that in the workplace, you will be in trouble if you discriminate based on one of the “protected characteristics”.

38. 7 diversity issues These are 9 of the diversity issues relevant to all countries. Not all are legally protected in all countries. • age • disability • gender reassignment (eg, transgender) • marriage and civil partnership (eg, whether religious or civil ceremony) • pregnancy and maternity • race (eg, skin colour, nationality, ethnicity) • religion or belief (eg, muslim, christian, hindu) • sex (eg, male or female or other) • sexual orientation (eg, gay, lesbian, bisexual)

39. Stereotypes What are the negative and positive stereotypes that you know about these different types of people? • Japanese • Old people • Person in a wheelchair • American • Women

40. Levels of diversity • Surface-level: Perceptions of people based on, for example, their skin colour or age. These can lead to stereotypes and positive or negative reactions. • Deep-level: Differences of people based on, for example, values, personality.

41. Abilities • Everyone has different abilities. • There are two main types of ability: intellectual and physical • An ability is an individual’s capacity to perform tasks. Note: these can be improved in many cases and will not stay the same!

42. Your abilities Write down what your best ability is and what your worst ability is. Write down which ability you would like to improve (please do not say English or Organisational Behaviour!)

43. Intellectual • This is related to mental capacity such as your ability to do maths, learn languages, remember routes. • On page 52 of your book there is a table called Dimensions of Intellectual Ability. • Please turn to it now.

44. Physical • This is related to being able to do physical tasks such as manual dexterity, strength, endurance and co-ordination. • What types of roles require an individual to have good physical abilities?

45. Discrimination • Discrimination is when we make judgements about other people because they are different. • Stereotypes often have a negative effect and can cause discrimination. • This can lead to legal problems, unhappy workers and not having the best employees to make your business successful!

46. Diversity Management • As a manager within an organisation (and also as an individual) you might be responsible for setting diversity management in place. • You can do this by setting processes and practices in place which encourage yourself and others to think more sensitively about diversity.

47. You as a manager • How can you make people think about diversity? • What practical things can you do?

48. Processes to manage diversity • Legal • Training • Internal groups • Use of language • Inclusive HR policies and practices • Recruitment and selection of a range of people

49. Reading • Please read Chapter 2 • Examples of workplace models for equalities are here: http://www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=2806