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Psychotic Disorders I (Chapter 13) April 21, 2014 PSYC 2340: Abnormal Psychology Brett Deacon, Ph.D. Announcements. Please complete online course evaluations! Remaining schedule. From Last Class. Personality disorders Nature and treatment. In the News.

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  1. Psychotic Disorders I(Chapter 13)April 21, 2014PSYC 2340: Abnormal PsychologyBrett Deacon, Ph.D.

  2. Announcements • Please complete online course evaluations! • Remaining schedule

  3. From Last Class • Personality disorders • Nature and treatment

  4. In the News • CNN article: “Just say yes? The rise of ‘study drugs’ in college” http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/17/health/adderall-college-students/index.html?hpt=hp_bn13 • Prescription ADHD medications like Adderall, Ritalin, and Vyvanse are becoming increasingly popular for overworked and overscheduled college students -- who haven't been diagnosed with ADHD. • "College students tend to underestimate the potential harms associated with the nonmedical use of prescription stimulants," McCabe says. • Short-term adverse consequences include sleep difficulties, restlessness, headaches, irritability and depressed feelings. Other side effects include loss of appetite, nervousness, and changes in sex drive. • The long term risk of psychological and physical dependence is of concern for routine users that may find they do not feel they can function optimally without it. Schedule II substances are classified by the DEA as having a high potential for abuse. • Story: stimulant use as harmful drug abuse by people without ADHD, but stimulant use as safe medication use among people with ADHD (see also: https://www.madinamerica.com/2012/06/the-ny-times-when-stimulants-are-bad/)

  5. Schizophrenia • Basic terminology • “Dementia Praecox” = “premature loss of mind” • “Schizophrenia” = “split mind”

  6. Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders • What schizophrenia is NOT: • A “split personality” or multiple personality • Associated with unusually dangerous and violent behavior • Untreatable and unmanageable (in most cases) • Known (at present) to be caused, or distinguishable from other disorders, by sufficiently reliable and specific biological abnormalities • More categorical in nature than other disorders

  7. Schizophrenia and Psychotic Disorders • Psychosis – out of touch with reality • Cardinal symptoms: • Hallucinations • Delusions • Schizophrenia – a type of psychosis • Very heterogeneous disorders • Involve disturbed thought, emotion, behavior

  8. Diagnosing Schizophrenia • Two or more of the following must be present: • Delusions • Hallucinations • Disorganized speech (examples) • Circumstantial • Tangential • Loose associations/derailment/word salad

  9. Diagnosing Schizophrenia • Two or more of the following (continued): • Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior • Stupor, inactivity, difficulty performing basic functions (grooming), bizarre behavior • Negative symptoms • Affective flattening (lack of emotion) • Alogia (poverty of speech) • Avoliton (apathy, decrease in goal-directed behavior)

  10. Video Clips of a Patient with Schizophrenia • The case of Gerald • Symptoms? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGnl8dqEoPQ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6h8Ic-I7R0&NR=1

  11. Subtypes of Schizophrenia • Paranoid Type • Hallucinations and delusions (with a theme) • Example: John Nash from A Beautiful Mind • Absence of disorganized behavior • Intact cognitive skills and affect • Best prognosis of all types of schizophrenia (i.e., best response to anti-psychotic medications)

  12. Subtypes of Schizophrenia • Disorganized Type • Disruptions in speech and behavior • Flat or inappropriate affect • Hallucinations and delusions (fragmented) • Develops early, chronic, lacks remissions

  13. Subtypes of Schizophrenia • Catatonic Type • Unusual motor responses and odd mannerisms • Examples: mimic words (echolalia) or movements (echopraxia) of others • Severe and rare

  14. Subtypes of Schizophrenia • Undifferentiated Type • Symptoms do not meet criteria for another type • Residual Type • Had a past episode • No longer have major symptoms • Continue to have residual symptoms

  15. Subtypes of Schizophrenia • The case of Heather • Symptoms? • Subtype? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvdw4b7tC-8&feature=related

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