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Judith and Holofernes: Defiance and Deliverance in Art History

Discover the story of Judith from the Old Testament, a fictitious heroine who beheaded the Assyrian commander Holofernes to save Israel in the 2nd century BC. Explore how artists from the Renaissance period depicted this tale in their paintings. Learn about the Italian and Northern Renaissance masterpieces that showcase this iconic biblical narrative, reflecting themes of defiance and liberation.

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Judith and Holofernes: Defiance and Deliverance in Art History

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  1. Historical Background: In Old Testament in versions of the Bible based on the Greek Septuagint, the Book of Judith is included with the Apocrypha in the Authorized and Revised Standard versions; it does not appear at all in the Hebrew Bible. This book, the work of an unknown author, is a fictitious account of the deliverance of Israel from a foreign army by Judith, the devout and beautiful heroine who first beguiled and then beheaded the Assyrian commander Holofernes. The book is dated to the Maccabean period in the 2d century BC. According to the story, Judith, and many of the daughters of Israel, where captured by the Assyrian King Holofernes who used them for his own pleasure. After being abused by Holofernes, Judith took matters into her own hands and while the king rested, she severed his head. Judith came to symbolize the defiance of the People of Israel in their quest for freedom in the ancient world. Artists of the 15th and 16th centuries often turned to Bible for themes for their artistic creations. The title of both paintings is Judith and Holofernes.

  2. Pre-Ren Art

  3. Renaissance Art http://www.artchive.com/artchive/renaissance.html Italian Northern

  4. Italian Michelangelo Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Donatello Sandro Botticelli Titian Northern El Greco (both) Jan Van Eyck* Bosch Peter Brueghel the Elder Albrecht Dürer Hans Holbein the Younger The Big Boys

  5. ItalianNorthern

  6. ItalianNorthern

  7. Van Eyck

  8. ITALIAN RENAISSANCE

  9. Botticelli: The Birth of Venus

  10. Botticelli: Primavera

  11. Leonardo da Vinci: The Last Supper

  12. Leonardo da Vinci:Mona Lisa

  13. Da Vinci: Virgin of the Rocks

  14. Michelangelo: Pieta

  15. Michelangelo: The Creation

  16. Titian: Venus of Urbino

  17. Titian: The Three Ages of Man

  18. NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

  19. The Rare female Artist:Sofonisba Anguissola Born and raised in the Lombardy region: predominantly a portrait painter: lived at the court in Spain.  The Chess Game http://arthistoryblogger.blogspot.com/2011/07/italian-female-painters-1500-1800.html

  20. Bruegel: Peasant Wedding

  21. Bruegel: Adoration of the Kings

  22. Holbein: Ambassadors

  23. Holbein: The Body of the Dead Christ in the Tomb

  24. Holbein: Henry VIII

  25. Van Eyck: Crucifixion and the Last Judgement

  26. Van Eyck: The Virgin of Chancellor Rolin

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