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Alternative Fuels

Alternative Fuels. Reaching the limits : Fossile Fuels. 90% of our energetic needs are now supplied by fossile fuels. “ The Crude Era”. What energy sources ?. Fossile Energy reserves. years. Millions of years. It’s critical to generate new energetic scenarios . Model of

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Alternative Fuels

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  1. AlternativeFuels

  2. Reachingthelimits: FossileFuels 90% ofourenergeticneeds are nowsuppliedbyfossilefuels “The Crude Era” Whatenergysources? FossileEnergy reserves years Millionsofyears It’scritical to generatenewenergeticscenarios.

  3. Modelof King Hubbert MORE EnvironmentalLy CONCERNED PERSPECTIVE SubstitutionofFossileEnergy ALTERNATIVE EBNERGY SOURCES?

  4. ALTERNATIVES TO FOSSILE FUELS: GOALS KyotoProtocol Drasticdropofcarbondioxide’semissions. Portugal hasassumedthatin2010 atleast39% ofthenationalconsumptionshould come fromerenewableenergysources.

  5. AlternativeFuels

  6. AlternativeFuels Hydrogen ADVantages • DisaDvantages • Needs more energy to producethanitproduces; • It’sproductiondependsofotherenergysources; • InEarth’snatureitisn’tveryabundantinelementaryform; • Highlyinflamable; • Hard to transportand to stock. • Theonlyby-productofitsburningiswater; • Itis a very abundante elementintheUniverse, cleanandsimpleto use.

  7. AlternativeFuels bIODIESEL ADVantages • DisaDvantages • Lowemissions • Promotesagriculturaldevelopment • Particleemissionassociated • Badefficiencywithcoldweather

  8. AlternativeFuels ETHANOL ADVantages • DisaDvantages • Lowyield; • Usuallymotorsworkwithtwo fuel mixture. • Priceislowerthangasoline; • Widevarietyofcarsavailable.

  9. AlternativeFuels BioAlcoHol

  10. AlternativeFuels BiogAs • DisaDvantages ADVantages • Productionof a toxicgas (sulphur oxide). • Highmaintenancecost. • Flammable • Lowtransportationcosts • Estimulates rural production

  11. AlternativeFuels ADVantages • Possibilityofusingtheirproduction for wasterecycling; • Cleanenergies; • Renewablesourcesthatcanbethought as longtermenergies. • In some cases, productioncosts are the major problem. • DisaDvantages

  12. AlternativeFuels ChemistryandtheFUEL improvement Todaychemicalresearchtries to improvetheeficiencyofthealternativefuelsproduction processes. • Infarms; • Byproducingmethanefromwaste. • Researchwithmicroalgae. Examples: Biodiesel: Biogas: Hydrogen: • Usingphotossynthecticbacteria for itsproduction.

  13. AlternativeFuels FUEL CELLS FUELCELLS Eficiency Environmentallyclean

  14. AlternativeFuels Photovoltaic Cells • Transformtheenergythatiscarriedbyradiationintoelectricenergybyphotoelectriceffect; • Renewablesource; • Highimplementationcost; • Lowyield.

  15. AlternativeFuels Wind POWER • Windmakes a turbinerotateandthisgenerateselectricpower; • Renewablesource; • Yieldisvariable; • Highimplementationcost.

  16. Workdoneby: • Elisabete Rodrigues nº11 • Hugo Renda nº13 • Isabelle Angelino nº15 • João Madeira nº16 • Matilde Sousa nº18 Teacher Ana Margarida Ferreira Year/Class: 12ºC SchoolYear: 2009/10

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