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History of Chemistry

History of Chemistry. History, Definitions, and People. Corpus Christi School Chemistry Department. What is Chemistry?. Science of Matter and the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions . More on the composition, behaviour, structure, and properties of matter.

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History of Chemistry

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  1. History of Chemistry History, Definitions, and People Corpus Christi School Chemistry Department

  2. What is Chemistry? Science of Matter and the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions. More on the composition, behaviour, structure, and properties of matter

  3. What is Chemistry? • Etymyology: • “KEME” Arabian “Value” • “KHEMIA” Egyptian “Transmutation” • “Kyhmeia” Greek “Art of Alloying Metal • ‘Khumeia” “putting together”

  4. What is Chemistry? Chemistry is a Natural Science that falls under Physical Chemistry

  5. What is Alchemy? Alchemy is the ancient art of trying to achieve wisdom and immortality through the manipulation of elements. The origins of alchemy are generally unknown but we believe it began in Greece or Egypt.

  6. Alchemists Their main goal was the transmutation of ordinary metals into gold. Not just regular gold though, gold that could be ingested and would cure all illness and make you immortal – elixir of Life.

  7. Proto - Chemistry - Through alchemy we have gotten herbal remedies, alloys, and most importantly a desire to manipulate the world around us!

  8. Early Chemistry Ancient Civilization Purifying and Extracting Metals Dying Cloth Materials Fermentation of Wine Cosmetics Paintings Medicines Food Making Making Alloys

  9. Early Scientists

  10. Democritus (400 B.C.) Suggested that matter could be cut until it reached a point where no further division could be made. “Atom” means indivisible.

  11. Robert Boyle (1600’s) 1st true “chemist” Discovered a relationship between pressure and volume (Boyle’s Law)

  12. Antoine Lavoisier (1770) Matter cannot be created or destroyed “Law of Conservation of Mass”

  13. John Dalton (1800’s) The ratios of the masses of elements in a compound can always be reduced to small whole numbers “Law of Multiple Proportions”

  14. Joseph Gay-Lussac (1809) Measured the volumes of gases that reacted with one another to develop the “Law of Combining Volumes of Gases”

  15. AmadeoAvogadro At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain the same number of particles “Avogadro’s Hypothesis”

  16. Robert Bunsen Found that when heated, different elements produced different colors in a flame

  17. NielsMendeleev (1869) Constructed a periodic table by arranging elements left gaps for undiscovered elements and reversed the order of some elements to make their chemical properties fit.

  18. Niels Bohr (1912) Electrons “orbit” the nucleus somewhat like planets orbit the sun Planetary Model

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