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Shape Memory Alloys (SMA’s)

Shape Memory Alloys (SMA’s). By Chris Bomersbach MEEN 3344. Major Developments. Buehler’s discovery of an NiTi alloy (Nitinol) in 1962, formed the basis for commercial use. Before then shape memory alloys had been observed but where not affective enough for practical use.

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Shape Memory Alloys (SMA’s)

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  1. Shape Memory Alloys(SMA’s) By Chris Bomersbach MEEN 3344

  2. Major Developments • Buehler’s discovery of an NiTi alloy (Nitinol) in 1962, formed the basis for commercial use. Before then shape memory alloys had been observed but where not affective enough for practical use. • SMA’s have seen commercial use since the late 1980’s when they where first used for coupling on oil pipes.

  3. Types • One way SMA’s are the most common type and can be deformed when cool, but upon heating, they return to their trained shape. • Two way SMA’s can be trained to have a cool shape as well as a hot one. • Different types include • Ag-Cd 44/49 at.% Cd • Au-Cd 46.5/50 at.% Cd • Cu-Al-Ni 14/14.5 wt.% Al and 3/4.5 wt.% Ni • Cu-Sn approx. 15 at.% Sn • Cu-Zn 38.5/41.5 wt.% Zn • Cu-Zn-X (X = Si, Al, Sn) • Fe-Pt approx. 25 at.% Pt • Mn-Cu 5/35 at.% Cu • Fe-Mn-Si • Pt alloys • Co-Ni-Al • Co-Ni-Ga • Ni-Fe-Ga • Ti-Pd in various concentrations • Ni-Ti (~55% Ni http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_memory_alloy

  4. Ni-Ti • This video of one way Nitinol can give you an idea of just how effective it can be compared to conventional metals. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsBHF_j2FJ4&feature=related • Nitinol can also be returned to it’s original shape by sending an electric current through it. As it resists the electricity, it becomes heated.

  5. Pseudo Elasticity • The most common commercial application involves the pseudo-elastic property during it’s high temperature state. • This includes eye-glasses, cell phone antennas, and so on, which are experiencing their high temperature state at room temperature.

  6. Future Applications • In the future, if significant steps can taken in cost reduction, SMA’s will be used for almost every metal object. Mail boxes could pop back into shape on a sunny day. That slinky you had as a child would have lasted longer then thirty minutes. • Imagine getting into a car wreck, then only needing to hold a torch to your vehicle to repair the damage. • There are endless new uses for Biomedical applications, such as surgical equipment and mechanical devices. • There could also be morphing airplanes and submarines that could increase efficiency at different speeds.

  7. References • http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-technology-1/Re-Shaping-the-Future-with-Shape-Memory-Alloys---SMA-Starter-Kit-10282-1/ • http://www.prudentpressagency.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=8180 • http://smart.tamu.edu/ • http://www.stanford.edu/~richlin1/sma/sma.html

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