Zinat Mahal Student ID. 201726062 Supervisor: Prof. Helmut Yabar

1. Development of Integrated Approach for Poultry WasteManagement in Bangladesh: The Potential Socio-economic and Environmental Benefits of Introducing Geo-spatialAnalysis Zinat Mahal Student ID. 201726062 Supervisor: Prof. HelmutYabar

2. Content of thePresentation Background LiteratureReview Methodology Results FutureWorks

3. Background • Bangladesh is an agricultural country and poultry is an importantsector. • Now-a-days commercial poultry industry is growing very rapidly. • It provides meat and egg to ensure food security and also generateemployment. Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics(BBS)

4. Background Trend of Poultry production inBangladesh 329.25 320.63 350.00 300.00 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 304.17312.29 288.57 278.81 296.26 270.71 220.73 No. of Poultry (inmillion) 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 Poultry reared in 3 types offarms: 2014 2015 2016 2017 Small farm MediumFarm LargeFarm 12.89% 7.73% Non FarmSources 51.95% 27.43% Source:BBS

5. Background Distribution of commercial poultry bydivisions 5.40%4.60% 7.70% 9.40% Barisal Chittagong Dhaka Khulna Rajshahi Sylhet 19.60% 53.30% Source: Animal production and health division,FAO “Commercial poultry production inBangladesh” By Khan Shahidul Huque etall.

6. Background • PoultryWaste • Poultry waste includes litter, manure, feather, hatchery wastes, entrails and organs of slaughtered birds, processing waste water and blood, dead birds and other debris normally generated in the poultryfarms. • Many farms discharge wastes to our surroundings and nearby water sources. • Lack of poultry processing plant, poultry is slaughtered in open space of market. Generally current poultry waste management situation has negative effects onenvironment

7. LiteratureReview Impact of Livestock and Poultry waste in Environment GHG Emission from agricultural sector inBangladesh Cultivationof OrganicSoils 5% Corp Residues 5% Burning-Crop residues 1% Enteric Fermentation 31% 47% Manure Management 3% Mamure lefton Pasture 11% SyntheticFertilizers 9% RiceCultivation 33% Mamure appliedto Soils 2% The annual methane emission (GgCH4/Yr) of the manure produced by different farm animals in Bangladesh was estimated by K. S. Huque et al,2017.

8. LiteratureReview Impact of poultrywaste

9. LiteratureReview Relevant Policies

10. Objectives • Analysis of existing poultry waste management situation in Bangladesh. • Propose scenarios to develop poultry manure recycling plants. • Assessment the socio-economic and environmental benefits of the suggested scenarios. • Development of guidelines/policies for better management of poultry wastes.

11. Methodology Analysis of current poultry waste management in Bangladesh Secondary information (DLS, BBS, FAOSTAT, Journals) Use of MsExcel Propose scenarios for the development of current situation (using geographic informationsystem) Step1 GIS SuitabilityAnalysis MappingRestriction MappingSuitability Final Suitable Locations for Poultry Waste Development Plants

12. Step2 ProposedScenarios • Considering these points, this study proposed following 3scenarios: • Energy production from sustainable and relatively environmental friendly source. • Environmental Impactof Synthetic Fertilizers which is reduced by using poultrymanure. • Nutritional demand in fish feed mitigated by poultrymanure. Development of biogasplant Poultry manure is the source of N and rice straw is the source ofC C:NRatio Development of compostingplant For balanced fish feed, proper Carbohydrateand Protein ratio isimportant Development of fish feedplant PM or poultry processing by products are rich source of protein, Rice bran is commonly used for carbohydrate source in Fishfeed. * Rice is the main crop inBangladesh

13. Step3 Spatial Distribution of Poultry Manure and RiceResidues The detailed data of poultry numbers and yearly rice production are available for Upazilas in the District Statistics,2017. To estimate total available amount of poultry manure, rice straw and rice bran in Bangladesh, the following equations areused: Rp=N.Yp………………..(1) Where, Rp is total manure from poultry, N is number of poultry and Yp is manure (dry matter) generationrate. Ap=Rp.Cp……………….(2) Where, Ap is available poultry manure and Cp is manure collectionfactor. Rc=P.Yc……………………(3) Where, Rc is total residue from each crop, P is annual crop production and Yc is residue to crop yield massratio. Ac= Rc. Cc. Dc.Sc…….(4) Where, Ac is availabe crop residue, Cc is residue collection factor, Dc is residue dryness factor and Sc is surplus availabilityfactor.

14. Step4 ScenariosDesigning Considering final suitable locations and with some specific criteria for differentscenarios Step5 MathematicalAnalysis For estimation of socio- economic and environmental benefits from proposedscenarios Step6 Development of guidelines orpolicy

15. Results Total Amount of Poultry Manure Production inBangladesh Amount excreted in manure in milliontonnes 10.00 9.16 8.80 9.00 8.00 7.00 8.21 8.02 7.58 7.14 6.91 5.81 6.00 5.00 2014 2015 2016 Source: FAOSTAT ,2018 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 Current uses of poultry manure/litter 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 35% 27% 20% 13% 10% 8% 4% 2% 2% SmallFarms Used for cropproduction Midium Farms Used for fishculture Large Farms Used for biogasproduction Source: Department of Livestock Services,2018

16. Results Environmental Impact of poultry manure in Bangladesh (gigagram) Source: FAOSTAT_data_7-6-2018emmission

17. Results RestrictionMap • TransportNetwork • Surfacewater • NaturalReserve • ResidentialArea • ImportantPlaces • UnstableArea

18. Results SuitabilityMap • Road Distance • Flood ProneArea • Elevation

19. Results Final SuitabilityMap

20. Results Spatial Analysis of Poultry Manure, Rice Straw, RiceBran

21. ScenariosDesigning Scenario1: Poultry manure C:N=6-7:1 Rice straw C:N=60-148:1 For biogas production C:N ratio 25-30:1 Co-digestion of RS andPM 4:1ratio Process flow diagram Having average intensity of RS andPM ˃40 ton/ sq.km and > 10ton/sq.km Having potential capacity of powerplants ˃500KW Electricity Demand Availability of suitable sites ofarea ˃1.5ha In cluster of adjacent upazilas: Upazila have large poultry farms ischosen Network analysis: Maximumcoverage Maximum road to travel forRS 20km Final selection of best sites for biogasproduction

22. Scenario2: Poultry manure C:N=6-7:1 Rice straw C:N=60-148:1 For composting C:N ratio 25-30:1 Co-digestion of RS andPM 4:1ratio Process flow diagram Having average intensity of RS andPM ˃40 ton/ sq.km and > 10ton/sq.km Having potential capacity of compostingplants ˃50ton/day Fertilizer Demand Availability of suitable sites ofarea ˃2Ha Having demand of syntheticfertilizer ˃15% of currentsupply Network analysis: Maximumcoverage Final selection of best sites for compostingplant

23. Scenario3: For fish feed plant contains 25-30%protein PM: 35-55%P And 6-8% Carbohydrate RB: 7-10%P And 50-60% Carbohydrate Co-digestion of RS andPM 2.5:1ratio Process flow diagram Having average intensity of both RB andPM ˃25 ton/ sq.km and > 10ton/sq.km Having potential capacity of fish feedplants ˃1200ton/yr Fish Production Intensity Availability of suitable sites ofarea ˃0.5ha ClusterAnalysis: High-highcluster Network analysis: Maximum travel distance 10km Final selection of best sites for biogasproduction

24. FutureWorks

25. Thankyou