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The Birth of Opera. The Birth of Opera. By the 17th century Italy lost ground in all arts except music Opera Drama presented musically Uses art, literature, acting, and dance Inspired by Greek drama. Opera Definitions. Libretto Text of an opera Arias Solo songs or duets
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The Birth of Opera • By the 17th century Italy lost ground in all arts except music • Opera • Drama presented musically • Uses art, literature, acting, and dance • Inspired by Greek drama
Opera Definitions • Libretto • Text of an opera • Arias • Solo songs or duets • Develop character’s feelings • Recitatives • Spoken or recited text • Narrate the action • Pizzicato • Plucking, rather than bowing a stringed instrument
Giovanni Gabrieli • Polychoral – music for two or more choruses • Dynamics – degree of loudness or softness in music (forte to piano) • Chromatic Scale – 12 primary notes between octaves
Motet: “In Ecclesiis”Gabrieli What to listen for • Division of vocal parts • Use of loud and soft & high and low tones to create emotion (Baroque) • Organ, wind, and brass instruments
The Earliest Opera Still Performed Claudio Monteverdi L’Orfeo (Orpheus) (1607) • Based on the ancient Greek myth of Orpheus, who tried to rescue Euridice from Hades • 40-piece orchestra