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What is an Accountable Care Organization... And Why Should I Care?. Dale Jarvis, CPA dale@djconsult.net. Has Anyone Ever Seen an ACO?. Some health policy leaders compare Accountable Care Organizations to Unicorns. Not true, say others… They’ve been right in front of us for many years.
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What is an Accountable Care Organization... And Why Should I Care? Dale Jarvis, CPAdale@djconsult.net
Has Anyone Ever Seen an ACO? • Some health policy leaders compare Accountable Care Organizations to Unicorns • Not true, say others… • They’ve been right in front of us for many years
The Group Health Cooperative Story 2002-2006: Move towards Medical Home • Email your Doctor • Online Medical Records • Same Day/Next Day Appointment (Increased patient satisfaction but also saw provider burn-out and decline in quality scores) 2007: More robust Healthcare Home Pilot • Added more staff (15% more docs; 44% more mid-levels; 17% more RNs; 18% more MAs/LPNs; 72% more pharmacists) • Shifted to 30 minute PCP slots (Reduced burnout, increased quality scores, broke even in the first year, reduced ER usage by 29%, reduced inpatient usage by 6%, reduced PMPM costs by $10.30 over the 21 month pilot)
Integrated Health SystemsThe Holy Grail Global Capitation to an Integrated Health System But... Integrated Health Systems represent only 10% of the US Delivery System
Meanwhile…The Status Quo • Fee-For-Service, Non-Integrated Model: All the wrong incentives and disincentives
The Two-Part Problem is Closely Linked to a Third Problem • Americans with a Serious Mental Illness die, on the average, at age 53 • The high prevalence of persons with these disorders, combined with high cost, directly affect the quality and cost problems
The Fix… • Better Health for Populations • Better Care for Individuals • Reduced Costs through Improvement • (Don Berwick’s latest description of the Triple) • By creating Organized Systems of Care for the Other 90% through Payment Reform and Service Delivery Redesign
Starting with Patient Centered Medical Homes/Person Centered Health Homes Picture a world where everyone has... • An ongoing relationship with a PCP; • A Care Team who collectively takes;responsibility for ongoing care; • A Care Team that provides all healthcare or makes appropriate referrals; and • A Care Team that helps ensure that care is coordinated and/or integrated. And where... • Quality and safety are hallmarks; • Enhanced access to care is available (evenings & weekends); and • Payment appropriately recognizes the Added Value (Joint Principles of the Patient-Centered Medical Home: www.pcpcc.net)
But…It takes more than a high performing Health Homes to achieve the Triple Aim Harold Miller, Center for Healthcare Quality and Payment Reform, How to Create Accountable Care Organizations, www.chqpr.org
Accountable Care Organizations Creating the Healthcare Neighborhood • ACOs are provider groups that accept responsibility for the cost and quality of care delivered to a group of patients that are cared for by ACO clinicians • ACOs: the organizing infrastructure to help health homes coordinate care with specialists, hospitals and other parts of the healthcare delivery system. • ACOs will also manage new payment models that incentivize prevention, early intervention and supports for persons with complex and costlyhealth conditions.
So, How Do These Things Get Started? • All healthcare is local • ACOs are being organized by hospitals and physician practices, multi-specialty group practices without hospitals, health plans, groups of primary care practices, existing integrated health systems, existing independent practice associations…
ACOs are Legal Entities • The most common legal form is expected to be a Limited Liability Company (LLC) owned by the entities that organize the ACO and their invitees
Then What? • The process begins…
Then What? • Patient Attribution and Budget Development is followed by…
But what about At-Risk, Vulnerable Populations? • Social Determinants of Health • There is a distinct relationship between an individual’s health status and the social and environmental conditions in which he or she lives
“Houston, we have a problem…” • For many children, families, and adults in the safety net, good healthcare is not enough • Consider a mom with depression and diabetes • Add to this scenario the facts that she is the head of household of a family of three, has lost her job, is experiencing domestic violence and she and her children are on the brink of homelessness
Which requires the Customization of the Accountable Care Organization
And Organizing the Safety Net Payors Washington State’s fledgling two-part effort: • Organizing the payors to create a supportive payment and regulatory system • Organizing the delivery system to create accountable systems of care
How should MH/SU Providers Prepare? • I’d offer Four Choices… • Become a Preferred Provider for the ACO • Become an Acquisition Targetfor one of the “big dogs”that’s organizing the ACO • Become a Member of the ACO • Get in on the groundfloor and become a Founding Member/Owner of the ACO