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CH 11 Introduction to Genetics

CH 11 Introduction to Genetics. 11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel. Gregor Mendel. Austrian monk born 1822 Worked at a monastery as a priest, teacher, and was in charge of gardening Studied the genetics of ordinary pea plants Genetics - scientific study of heredity. Fertilization.

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CH 11 Introduction to Genetics

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  1. CH 11 Introduction to Genetics 11-1 The Work of Gregor Mendel

  2. Gregor Mendel • Austrian monk born 1822 • Worked at a monastery as a priest, teacher, and was in charge of gardening • Studied the genetics of ordinary pea plants • Genetics - scientific study of heredity

  3. Fertilization • During sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive cells join • Gametes – sex cells • True-breeding – produce offspring identical to parents when self-pollinate • Mendel was interested in cross-pollinating plants with different traits

  4. Genes and Dominance • Trait – a specific characteristic • Mendel studied 7 traits in pea plants • Hybrid – offspring of parents with different traits • Genes – chemical factors that determine traits

  5. Alleles • Different forms of a gene (e.g. height can be tall or short) • Some alleles are dominant and others are recessive

  6. Names of Generations • P generation – parents • F1 – first filial, first generation of offspring • F2 – second filial, second generation of offspring

  7. Segregation • Separation of alleles • Mendel – “do recessive alleles disappear when P generations produce offspring?” • No - when F1 offspring are crossed recessive alleles reappear in the F2 generation (25% show it)

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