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Produción y mercados internaciónal de Tilapia. Kevin Fitzsimmons University of Arizona American Tilapia Association Guadalajara, Jalisco, MEXICO Mar 20, 2003. Introduction. Review worldwide tilapia trade Suppliers and consumers in the Americas Mexico production
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Produción y mercados internaciónal de Tilapia Kevin FitzsimmonsUniversity of Arizona American Tilapia Association Guadalajara, Jalisco, MEXICO Mar 20, 2003
Introduction • Review worldwide tilapia trade • Suppliers and consumers in the Americas • Mexico production • Opportunities to expand markets
Tilapia trade • Second in volume to the carps • Prediction: Tilapia will become most important aquaculture crop in this century • More genetic potential • Greatest variety of production systems
Established market demand • Accepted in many national dishes • Popular in many forms (live, whole, fillets, fresh and frozen, smoked, sashimi, fried skins)
International ResearchISTA(next in Manila, Philippines, Sept 2004) • International Symposia on Tilapia in Aquaculture
Genetic improvements in tilapia (From: Mair, G., 2002)
Major Tilapia Producers (for year 2002) • China - 629,182 metric tons / year • Mexico - 102,000 mt / year • Thailand - 100,000 mt / year • Philippines - 92,284 mt / year • Taiwan Province - 85,000 mt / year • Brazil - 65,000 mt / year • Indonesia - 50,000 mt / year
US Tilapia consumption - 2002 (Jan-Nov)(117,842 mt of live weight)
Typical prices for Tilapia products sold in the U.S. (Feb. 2003.)
Mexico - 102,000 mt Tilapia-shrimp farm in Sonora Pond Tilapia farm in Tamaulipas
Tilapia production in Mexico • Production in most states of Mexico • Most production in southern states • Intensive in north, lake ranching in south • Repopulation of reservoirs • Problem with UN-FAO definition of aquaculture (no clear ownership) • Tilapia-shrimp polyculture in seawater(UJAT y CIAD)
Markets in Mexico Raceway system, Tamaulipas • Strong domestic markets; on ice, fillets in grocery stores • All domestic consumption - Will eventually develop export markets.
Tilapia production & Markets in Brasil • Production in Southeast and Northeast • Red tilapia in Southeast for fee-fishing and food • Cage farms allowed in NE reservoirs. • Tilapia leather industry • Jump in interest with ISTA 5 in Rio. • Developing export markets.
Tilapia production in Ecuador • Replacing shrimp because of white spot and other shrimp diseases • Using shrimp infrastructure • Exporting to US and EU • Benefits to shrimp culture with polyculture
Tilapia production in Ecuador and shrimp viral infections WhiteSpot Taura IHHN
Red strains of tilapia most popular for brackish polyculture systems
Tilapia production in outside ponds with shrimp in covered ponds
Costa Rica - 15,000 mt Acuacorporacion ponds in Cañas, Costa Rica
USA 9,000 mt • Production in many states • Mostly intensive systems, many recirculating • Sales to ethnic markets as live fish, high value
USA - Intensive tanks Tanks in Arizona Tanks in California
Raceway Systems Intensive raceways Extensive raceways
Expanding markets • Quality control and assurance • Advertising • Product placement • Endorsements • New recipes and product forms
Quality control and assurance • National standards • HACCP (Hazard Analysis at Critical Control Points) • Industry standards • Buyer standards • Other (NGO’s)
Product placement • “Saving Faith” • Murder mystery • Detective fixes elegant tilapia dinner to seduce the beautiful blonde.
Dear Kevin, • I recently began using Tilapia fillets farm raised by Sea Best and distributed by Beaver Street Fisheries, Inc. I buy these in individual vacuum sealed packages in one pound bags at Wal-Mart in San Marcos, Texas. My husband has diabetes and we both are very weight conscious. This fish is the perfect food item for us, I love the way it is packaged, just use what I need for one meal, it is reasonably priced, always available in the market and consistently high quality. I trust you will forward these comments to the producer. • I LOVE THE PRODUCT!!!! • Marian Birnie Aug. 12, 2001
International/US Supply and Demand TRENDS • Supply of fillets primarily from China, Southeast Asia, Ecuador and Central America. • Demand for live fish needs to expand beyond Asian markets • With rapid increases in supply, demand must increase at least as fast to support price.
Major Tilapia Producers in International Trade • China - whole frozen, IQF fillets • Ecuador - fresh fillets • Taiwan Prov. - whole, IQF, sashimi • Central America - fresh fillets • Indonesia - IQF fillets • Thailand - IQF fillets
Current International Market Trends • Increase in demand for all forms of tilapia • Demand increase will be greatest for fresh fillets • Prices have been constant for several years and will remain stable, will not increase with inflation.
Changes and Predictions • Further intensification in virtually every country • Production will be 75% Oreochromis niloticus, 20% Red strains, O. aureus and O. mossambicus mostly for hybridization • Production will be 50% intensive ponds, 25% cages, 10% intensive recirculating systems
Changes and Predictions • US production will increase slowly, intensifying current production methods
Changes and Predictions • Further intensification in virtually every country • Production will be 75% Oreochromis niloticus, 20% Red strains, O. aureus and O. mossambicus mostly for hybridization • Production will be 50% intensive ponds, 25% cages, 10% intensive recirculating systems