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Zhaoping Li, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Center for Human Nutrition

糖尿病的营养疗法. Nutrition and Diabetes. Zhaoping Li, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Center for Human Nutrition David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA. 1. Obesity. Diabetes. Inflammation. Insulin Resistance. Ascorbic Acid. Rich source for vitamins and minerals, low calorie, high fiber.

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Zhaoping Li, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Center for Human Nutrition

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  1. 糖尿病的营养疗法 Nutrition and Diabetes Zhaoping Li, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Center for Human Nutrition David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA 1

  2. Obesity Diabetes Inflammation Insulin Resistance

  3. Ascorbic Acid Rich source for vitamins and minerals, low calorie, high fiber

  4. Phytochemicals/Phytonutrients • Non-nutrient plant compounds • Provide health benefits against certain chronic human illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases, etc.

  5. Surh, Nature Reviews Cancer 3:768, 2003

  6. Lycopen

  7. Carotenoids • β-carotene, lycopene • Ability to neutralize harmful byproducts of photooxidation • Act as powerful antioxidants in humans • quenching singlet oxygen • scavenging free radicals Bartley, G.E. and P.A. Scolnik. 1995. Plant carotenoids: pigments for photoprotection, visual attraction, and human health. The Plant Cell 7:1027–1038. Clinton, S.K. 1998. Lycopene: chemistry, biology, and implications for human health and disease. Nutrition Reviews 56(2):35–51.

  8. Pomegranate: Ellagitannin Henning et al. 2009

  9. Pomegranate: Ellagitannin • Antioxidant • Anti inflammation • Inhibit Angiogenesis • Anti-aromatase • Anti-proliferation Pentuk et al. 2006

  10. Cruciferous Vegetables • Sulforaphane (SFN), a prominent isothiocyanate

  11. Increased nasal cell counts in response to DEP exposure are attenuated with BSE treatment

  12. Sources of Resveratrol • Resveratrol is found in • Grapes (only in skin) • Wine • Grape Juice • Peanuts • Blueberries • Bilberries • Cranberries

  13. Benefits of Resveratrol Induces apoptosis (programmed cell death) in unhealthy cells Promotes normal nuclear factor kappa B and cyclooxygenase-2 activity Promotes normal activity of the SIRT-1 gene (involved in calorie restriction, fat mobilization, mitochondrial function, longevity) • Promotes cardiovascular health • Normal platelet activity • Normal vasorelaxation • Antioxidant protection of LDL particles • Possibly Neuroprotective

  14. Spices on Lipid Oxidation in Meat Patty Li et al, ACJN April 2010

  15. Spices on Lipid Oxidation in Plasma Li et al, ACJN April 2010

  16. Spices on Lipid Oxidation in Urine Li et al, ACJN April 2010

  17. Assessing Endothelial Function Graph of normal endothelial function PAT signal tracings. The Endo–PAT2000 provides a very high degree of sensitivity and specificity as compared to the current Gold Standard of coronary artery endothelial function assessment – the coronary blood flow response to intra-coronary acetylcholine-infusion.

  18. PAT P=0.02

  19. Urine MDA P<0.001

  20. Urine NOx P=0.05

  21. Dihydrocapsiate on Energy Expenditure Lee et al, Experimental Biology 2010

  22. Avocado

  23. PAT * A. B.

  24. Inflammatory Markers A. IL-6 B. TNF-alpha

  25. TURMERIC Historical Uses: • Used as a condiment, healing remedy, and textile dye • Used in Indian and Chinese medical systems as an anti-inflammatory agent

  26. AP-1 CREB-BP Molecular targets downregulated Molecular targets upregulated STAT-1 Notch-1 uPA IL-1 Nrf-2 NF-B STAT-3 EGR-1 Bcl-xL IL-2 PPAR- p53 HIF-1 IL-18 ERE WT-1 IL-5 Bcl-2 Hsp-70 STAT-4 MCP STAT-5 IL-6 VCAM-1 -catenin DEF-40 MIP IL-8 ICAM-1 Transcriptional factors Cyclin D1 MaIP Inflammatory cytokines IL-12 ELAM-1 IAP-1 TNF-α Others MDRP AATF-1 ER-α GCL Fas R ATFase Curcumin Desaturase IR EPCR MMP H2R Receptors ATPase EGFR GlCL HER-2 Enzymes COX-2 DR-5 iNOS Growth factors IL-8 R 5-LOX LDLR CXCR4 NQO-1 ITR Kinases PhP D AHR FPT Telomerase CTGF HGF ODC Src-2 AR FGF TF EGFR-K FAK NGF DNA pol GST Pp60c-tk PDGF AAPK Ca2+PK JNK EGF TMMP-3 TGF-1 MAPK IL-1R AK PhK PTK ERK VEGF Anand etal, CL, 2008 PKB JAK PAK PKA

  27. Piperine Enhance Curcumin Bioavailability Planta Med. 1998 May;64(4):353-6.

  28. Monounsaturated fatty acids Antioxidants Plant sterols Lutein Anthocyanins Resveratrol Pistachio

  29. Calories and Fats not Equal = 53 grams pretzel 56 grams pistachios

  30. Pistachios Lower Triglycerides * * • Pistachios • Pretzels Base line 6 weeks 12 weeks

  31. BMI *

  32. Tea • NO Calories • Tea Catechins

  33. Green Tea Catechins

  34. Green Tea Increases Metabolic Rate • Increase metabolic rate • Promotes fat oxidation • Inhibit pancreatic lipase

  35. Weight Loss by Green Tea • Meta-analysis with 15 studies • GTCs with caffeine reduce • BMI • Body weight • WC

  36. Green Tea Effects on Diabetes • 1 - 2 cups/day • Reduced incidence of Diabetes by 70% • Decreased fasting glucose Yonsei Med J. 2009 Feb 28;50(1):31-8. Epub 2009 Feb 24.

  37. Fish oils inhibit inflammation INFLAMMATION INFLAMMATION INFLAMMATION INFLAMMATION

  38. Beneficial effect of ω-3 FAs Cell. 2010 Sep 3;142(5):687-98

  39. Macrophage Infiltration : Decreased macrophages on HFD+ω3 HFD HFD+ω3

  40. Supplements • Unknown: optimal therapeutic dosage, effects of chronic use, potential toxicity • Single compound works differently from whole food • False sense of healthy life style

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